The Jungle Book, The Jungle Book, part 8, sentence 48
“True, true, that must be the truth,” said the gray-beards, nodding together.
Who acts: that, truth · What happens: be, say, nod · To what, where: truth, gray beards · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «The Jungle Book» by Rudyard Kipling, The Jungle Book, part 8. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (that, truth), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 2 True | punct |
| 2 | True | true | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 10 truth | advcl |
| 3 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 4 true | punct |
| 4 | true | true | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 2 True | conj |
| 5 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 10 truth | punct |
| 6 | that | that | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 10 truth | nsubj |
| 7 | must | must | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 10 truth | aux |
| 8 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 10 truth | cop |
| 9 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 10 truth | det |
| 10 | truth | truth | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 said | nsubj |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 10 truth | punct |
| 12 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 10 truth | punct |
| 13 | said | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 14 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 17 beards | det |
| 15 | gray | gray | NOUN | Number=Sing | 17 beards | compound |
| 16 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 15 gray | punct |
| 17 | beards | beard | NOUN | Number=Plur | 13 said | obj |
| 18 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 19 nodding | punct |
| 19 | nodding | nod | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 13 said | advcl |
| 20 | together | together | ADV | _ | 19 nodding | advmod |
| 21 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 13 said | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is a in a quote | must | that | the truth | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | say speech: assert | past | the truth | the gray beards | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent beard=Topic | ||||
| 3 | nod | gerund | the truth not said here | together property | vn wink-40.3.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Jungle Book» by Rudyard Kipling, Project Gutenberg book 236 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg236/8/48/