The Jungle Book, The Jungle Book, part 8, sentence 47
“And I know that this is true,” he said, “because Purun Dass always limped from the blow that he got in a riot when his account books were burned, and the tiger that I speak of he limps, too, for the tracks of his pads are unequal.”
Who acts: body, this, Purun, tracks · What happens: know, be, say, limp, get, burn · To what, where: blow, riot, account books, tiger · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «The Jungle Book» by Rudyard Kipling, The Jungle Book, part 8. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (body, this, Purun, tracks), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 12 said | punct |
| 2 | And | and | CCONJ | _ | 4 know | cc |
| 3 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 4 know | nsubj |
| 4 | know | know | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 12 said | ccomp |
| 5 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 8 true | mark |
| 6 | this | this | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 8 true | nsubj |
| 7 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 8 true | cop |
| 8 | true | true | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 4 know | ccomp |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 4 know | punct |
| 10 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 4 know | punct |
| 11 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 12 said | nsubj |
| 12 | said | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 19 limped | punct |
| 14 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 19 limped | punct |
| 15 | because | because | SCONJ | _ | 19 limped | mark |
| 16 | Purun | Purun | PROPN | Number=Sing | 19 limped | nsubj |
| 17 | Dass | Dass | PROPN | Number=Sing | 16 Purun | flat |
| 18 | always | always | ADV | PronType=Tot | 19 limped | advmod |
| 19 | limped | limp | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 12 said | ccomp |
| 20 | from | from | ADP | _ | 22 blow | case |
| 21 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 22 blow | det |
| 22 | blow | blow | NOUN | Number=Sing | 19 limped | obl |
| 23 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 25 got | mark |
| 24 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 25 got | nsubj |
| 25 | got | get | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 19 limped | advcl |
| 26 | in | in | ADP | _ | 28 riot | case |
| 27 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 28 riot | det |
| 28 | riot | riot | NOUN | Number=Sing | 25 got | obl |
| 29 | when | when | SCONJ | _ | 34 burned | mark |
| 30 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 32 books | nmod:poss |
| 31 | account | account | NOUN | Number=Sing | 32 books | compound |
| 32 | books | book | NOUN | Number=Plur | 34 burned | nsubj:pass |
| 33 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 34 burned | aux:pass |
| 34 | burned | burn | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 25 got | advcl |
| 35 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 38 tiger | punct |
| 36 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 38 tiger | cc |
| 37 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 38 tiger | det |
| 38 | tiger | tiger | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 said | ccomp |
| 39 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 41 speak | obj |
| 40 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 41 speak | nsubj |
| 41 | speak | speak | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 38 tiger | acl:relcl |
| 42 | of | of | SCONJ | _ | 44 limps | mark |
| 43 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 44 limps | nsubj |
| 44 | limps | limp | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 41 speak | advcl |
| 45 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 46 too | punct |
| 46 | too | too | ADV | _ | 44 limps | advmod |
| 47 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 50 tracks | punct |
| 48 | for | for | ADP | _ | 50 tracks | case |
| 49 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 50 tracks | det |
| 50 | tracks | track | NOUN | Number=Plur | 55 unequal | nsubj |
| 51 | of | of | ADP | _ | 53 pads | case |
| 52 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 53 pads | nmod:poss |
| 53 | pads | pad | NOUN | Number=Plur | 50 tracks | nmod |
| 54 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 55 unequal | cop |
| 55 | unequal | unequal | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 12 said | ccomp |
| 56 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 12 said | punct |
| 57 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 12 said | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | know in a quote | present | body | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer | |||||
| 2 | is in a quote | present | this | true property | tree rules | ||||
| 3 | say speech: assert | past | body | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | |||||
| 4 | limp in a quote | past | Purun | the blow | always property | vn run-51.3.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme from blow=Trajectory | |||
| 5 | get in a quote | past | body | a riot | vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Experiencer | ||||
| 6 | burn in a quote | past · passive | body's account books | vn light_emission-43.1 «NP V NP.theme»: subject=Theme | |||||
| 7 | speak speech: other in a quote | present | body | the tiger | tree rules | ||||
| 8 | limp in a quote | present | body | vn run-51.3.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 9 | is in a quote | present | the tracks of body's pads | unequal property | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Jungle Book» by Rudyard Kipling, Project Gutenberg book 236 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg236/8/47/