The Jungle Book, The Jungle Book, part 8, sentence 46
Buldeo was explaining how the tiger that had carried away Messua’s son was a ghost-tiger, and his body was inhabited by the ghost of a wicked, old money-lender, who had died some years ago.
Who acts: Buldeo, explaining, ghost, wicked old money lender · What happens: explain, carry away, be, inhabit, die, ghost · To what, where: tiger, ghost tiger, body, wicked old money lender
This is a sentence of «The Jungle Book» by Rudyard Kipling, The Jungle Book, part 8. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Buldeo, explaining, ghost, wicked old money lender), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Buldeo | Buldeo | PROPN | Number=Sing | 3 explaining | nsubj |
| 2 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 explaining | aux |
| 3 | explaining | explain | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 18 tiger | csubj |
| 4 | how | how | ADV | PronType=Int | 9 carried | advmod |
| 5 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 6 tiger | det |
| 6 | tiger | tiger | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 carried | nsubj:pass |
| 7 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 9 carried | nsubj:pass |
| 8 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 9 carried | aux |
| 9 | carried | carry | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 3 explaining | advcl |
| 10 | away | away | ADV | _ | 9 carried | advmod |
| 11 | Messua | Messua | PROPN | Number=Sing | 13 son | nmod:poss |
| 12 | ’s | 's | PART | _ | 11 Messua | case |
| 13 | son | son | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 carried | obj |
| 14 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 18 tiger | cop |
| 15 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 18 tiger | det |
| 16 | ghost | ghost | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 tiger | compound |
| 17 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 16 ghost | punct |
| 18 | tiger | tiger | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 19 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 24 inhabited | punct |
| 20 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 24 inhabited | cc |
| 21 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 22 body | nmod:poss |
| 22 | body | body | NOUN | Number=Sing | 24 inhabited | nsubj:pass |
| 23 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 24 inhabited | aux:pass |
| 24 | inhabited | inhabit | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 18 tiger | parataxis |
| 25 | by | by | ADP | _ | 27 ghost | case |
| 26 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 27 ghost | det |
| 27 | ghost | ghost | NOUN | Number=Sing | 24 inhabited | obl |
| 28 | of | of | ADP | _ | 35 lender | case |
| 29 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 35 lender | det |
| 30 | wicked | wicked | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 35 lender | amod |
| 31 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 30 wicked | punct |
| 32 | old | old | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 35 lender | amod |
| 33 | money | money | NOUN | Number=Sing | 35 lender | compound |
| 34 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 33 money | punct |
| 35 | lender | lender | NOUN | Number=Sing | 27 ghost | nmod |
| 36 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 39 died | punct |
| 37 | who | who | PRON | PronType=Rel | 39 died | nsubj |
| 38 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 39 died | aux |
| 39 | died | die | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 35 lender | acl |
| 40 | some | some | DET | PronType=Ind | 41 years | det |
| 41 | years | year | NOUN | Number=Plur | 42 ago | obl:unmarked |
| 42 | ago | ago | ADV | _ | 39 died | advmod |
| 43 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 18 tiger | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | explain speech: assert | past · progressive | Buldeo | vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 2 | carry away | past · perfect · passive | the tiger | away property | vn cost-54.2 «NP V NP NP»: subject=Beneficiary son=Value | ||||
| 3 | is a | past | explaining | a ghost tiger | tree rules | ||||
| 4 | inhabit | past · passive | the ghost of a wicked old money lender | Buldeo's body | tree rules | ||||
| 5 | die | past · perfect | a wicked old money lender | ago property | vn calibratable_cos-45.6.1 «NP.attribute V»: agent=Attribute | ||||
| 6 | ghost | a wicked old money lender | nom ghost «cognition transitive»: of=patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Jungle Book» by Rudyard Kipling, Project Gutenberg book 236 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg236/8/46/