The Jungle Book, The Jungle Book, part 8, sentence 50
“That tiger limps because he was born lame, as everyone knows.
Who acts: tiger, everyone · What happens: limp, bear, know · To what, where: tiger
This is a sentence of «The Jungle Book» by Rudyard Kipling, The Jungle Book, part 8. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (tiger, everyone), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 4 limps | punct |
| 2 | That | that | DET | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 3 tiger | det |
| 3 | tiger | tiger | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 limps | nsubj |
| 4 | limps | limp | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 5 | because | because | SCONJ | _ | 8 born | mark |
| 6 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 8 born | nsubj:pass |
| 7 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 8 born | aux:pass |
| 8 | born | bear | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 4 limps | advcl |
| 9 | lame | lame | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 8 born | xcomp |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 13 knows | punct |
| 11 | as | as | SCONJ | _ | 13 knows | mark |
| 12 | everyone | everyone | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Tot | 13 knows | nsubj |
| 13 | knows | know | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 8 born | conj |
| 14 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 limps | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | limp in a quote | present | that tiger | vn run-51.3.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 2 | bear in a quote | past · passive | tiger | lame property | vn birth-28.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient | ||||
| 3 | know in a quote | present | everyone | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Jungle Book» by Rudyard Kipling, Project Gutenberg book 236 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg236/8/50/