The Jungle Book, The Jungle Book, part 8, sentence 69
The buffaloes generally keep to the pools and muddy places, where they lie wallowing or basking in the warm mud for hours.
Who acts: buffaloes · What happens: keep, lie, wallow, bask · To what, where: warm mud
This is a sentence of «The Jungle Book» by Rudyard Kipling, The Jungle Book, part 8. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (buffaloes), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 buffaloes | det |
| 2 | buffaloes | buffalo | NOUN | Number=Plur | 4 keep | nsubj |
| 3 | generally | generally | ADV | _ | 4 keep | advmod |
| 4 | keep | keep | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 5 | to | to | ADP | _ | 7 pools | case |
| 6 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 7 pools | det |
| 7 | pools | pool | NOUN | Number=Plur | 4 keep | obl |
| 8 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 10 places | cc |
| 9 | muddy | muddy | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 10 places | amod |
| 10 | places | place | NOUN | Number=Plur | 7 pools | conj |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 14 lie | punct |
| 12 | where | where | ADV | PronType=Rel | 14 lie | advmod |
| 13 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 14 lie | nsubj |
| 14 | lie | lie | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 4 keep | conj |
| 15 | wallowing | wallow | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 14 lie | xcomp |
| 16 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 17 basking | cc |
| 17 | basking | bask | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 15 wallowing | conj |
| 18 | in | in | ADP | _ | 21 mud | case |
| 19 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 21 mud | det |
| 20 | warm | warm | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 21 mud | amod |
| 21 | mud | mud | NOUN | Number=Sing | 17 basking | obl |
| 22 | for | for | ADP | _ | 23 hours | case |
| 23 | hours | hour | NOUN | Number=Plur | 17 basking | obl |
| 24 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 keep | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | keep | present | the buffaloes | to the pools and muddy places; generally property | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 2 | lie | present | buffaloes = buffalo | tree rules | |||||
| 3 | wallow | gerund | buffaloes = buffalo not said here | vn marvel-31.3 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer | |||||
| 4 | bask | gerund | buffaloes = buffalo not said here | the warm mud | hour | vn marvel-31.3 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Jungle Book» by Rudyard Kipling, Project Gutenberg book 236 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg236/8/69/