The Book of Dragons, Kind Little Edmund], sentence 20
He played truant whenever he could, for he was a kindhearted boy, and could not bear to think of a master's time and labor being thrown away on a boy like himself--who did not wish to learn, only to find out--when there were so many worthy lads thirsting for instruction in geography and history and reading and ciphering, and Mr. Smiles's "Self-Help."
Who acts: waste, boy, time, many worthy lads · What happens: play, be, not bear, think, throw away, not wish · To what, where: kindhearted boy, Self Help, time, geography · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «The Book of Dragons» by E. Nesbit, Kind Little Edmund]. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (waste, boy, time, many worthy lads), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | He | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 2 played | nsubj |
| 2 | played | play | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | truant | truant | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 2 played | xcomp |
| 4 | whenever | whenever | ADV | PronType=Rel | 6 could | advmod |
| 5 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 6 could | nsubj |
| 6 | could | could | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 2 played | advcl |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 13 boy | punct |
| 8 | for | for | SCONJ | _ | 13 boy | mark |
| 9 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 13 boy | nsubj |
| 10 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 13 boy | cop |
| 11 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 13 boy | det |
| 12 | kindhearted | kindhearted | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 13 boy | amod |
| 13 | boy | boy | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 played | advcl |
| 14 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 18 bear | punct |
| 15 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 18 bear | cc |
| 16 | could | could | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 18 bear | aux |
| 17 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 18 bear | advmod |
| 18 | bear | bear | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 2 played | advcl |
| 19 | to | to | PART | _ | 20 think | mark |
| 20 | think | think | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 18 bear | xcomp |
| 21 | of | of | ADP | _ | 25 time | case |
| 22 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 23 master | det |
| 23 | master | master | NOUN | Number=Sing | 25 time | nmod:poss |
| 24 | 's | 's | PART | _ | 23 master | case |
| 25 | time | time | NOUN | Number=Sing | 20 think | obl |
| 26 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 27 labor | cc |
| 27 | labor | labor | NOUN | Number=Sing | 25 time | conj |
| 28 | being | be | AUX | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 29 thrown | aux:pass |
| 29 | thrown | throw | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 25 time | acl |
| 30 | away | away | ADV | _ | 29 thrown | advmod |
| 31 | on | on | ADP | _ | 33 boy | case |
| 32 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 33 boy | det |
| 33 | boy | boy | NOUN | Number=Sing | 29 thrown | obl:agent |
| 34 | like | like | ADP | _ | 35 himself | case |
| 35 | himself | himself | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes | 29 thrown | obl |
| 36 | -- | -- | PUNCT | _ | 40 wish | punct |
| 37 | who | who | PRON | PronType=Rel | 40 wish | nsubj |
| 38 | did | do | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 40 wish | aux |
| 39 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 40 wish | advmod |
| 40 | wish | wish | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 25 time | conj |
| 41 | to | to | PART | _ | 42 learn | mark |
| 42 | learn | learn | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 40 wish | xcomp |
| 43 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 46 find | punct |
| 44 | only | only | ADV | _ | 46 find | advmod |
| 45 | to | to | PART | _ | 46 find | mark |
| 46 | find | find | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 42 learn | ccomp |
| 47 | out | out | ADP | _ | 46 find | compound:prt |
| 48 | -- | -- | PUNCT | _ | 51 were | punct |
| 49 | when | when | ADV | PronType=Int | 51 were | advmod |
| 50 | there | there | PRON | PronType=Dem | 51 were | expl |
| 51 | were | be | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 46 find | parataxis |
| 52 | so | so | ADV | _ | 53 many | advmod |
| 53 | many | many | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 55 lads | amod |
| 54 | worthy | worthy | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 55 lads | amod |
| 55 | lads | lad | NOUN | Number=Plur | 51 were | nsubj |
| 56 | thirsting | thirst | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 55 lads | acl |
| 57 | for | for | ADP | _ | 58 instruction | case |
| 58 | instruction | instruction | NOUN | Number=Sing | 56 thirsting | obl |
| 59 | in | in | ADP | _ | 60 geography | case |
| 60 | geography | geography | NOUN | Number=Sing | 56 thirsting | obl |
| 61 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 62 history | cc |
| 62 | history | history | NOUN | Number=Sing | 60 geography | conj |
| 63 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 64 reading | cc |
| 64 | reading | reading | NOUN | Number=Sing | 60 geography | conj |
| 65 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 66 ciphering | cc |
| 66 | ciphering | ciphering | NOUN | Number=Sing | 64 reading | conj |
| 67 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 75 Help | punct |
| 68 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 75 Help | cc |
| 69 | Mr. | Mr. | PROPN | Number=Sing | 70 Smiles | nmod:desc |
| 70 | Smiles | Smiles | PROPN | Number=Sing | 75 Help | nsubj |
| 71 | 's | 's | PART | _ | 70 Smiles | case |
| 72 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 75 Help | punct |
| 73 | Self | self | NOUN | Number=Sing | 75 Help | compound |
| 74 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 73 Self | punct |
| 75 | Help | Help | PROPN | Number=Sing | 18 bear | obl |
| 76 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 18 bear | punct |
| 77 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 18 bear | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | play | past | waste | truant property | vn performance-26.7-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 2 | is a | past | waste | a kindhearted boy | tree rules | ||||
| 3 | not bear | could | waste not said here | Self Help | vn admire-31.2 «NP V that S»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus | ||||
| 4 | think speech: other | to-infinitive | waste not said here | time | vn focus-87.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 5 | throw away | gerund · passive | a boy | a master's time and labor not said here | like waste; away property | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer | |||
| 6 | not wish | past · do-support | a master's time and labor | vn wish-62 «NP V for NP S_INF»: agent=Pivot clause=Theme | |||||
| 7 | learn not said to happen | to-infinitive | a master's time and labor not said here | vn learn-14-2-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | |||||
| 8 | find out | to-infinitive | vn learn-14-2-1 «NP V PP.topic»: agent=Agent | ||||||
| 9 | be | past | many worthy lads | there | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 10 | thirst | gerund | many worthy lads not said here | geography and history and reading and ciphering | for instruction | vn long-32.2-1 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Pivot for instruction=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Book of Dragons» by E. Nesbit, Project Gutenberg book 23661 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg23661/14/20/