The Book of Dragons, Opening, part 4, sentence 34
He would creep into the burrows made by the great rabbits; and excursionists, sporting on the downs, would see his long, tight, whiplike tail wriggling down a burrow and out of sight, and before they had time to say, "There he goes," his ugly purple head would come poking out from another rabbit-hole--perhaps just behind them--or laugh softly to itself just in their ears.
Who acts: Rotundia, excursionists, long tight whiplike tail, ugly purple head · What happens: creep, make, sport, see, wriggle down, have · To what, where: burrows, downs, long tight whiplike tail, burrow, rabbit hole, head · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «The Book of Dragons» by E. Nesbit, Opening, part 4. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Rotundia, excursionists, long tight whiplike tail, ugly purple head), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | He | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 3 creep | nsubj |
| 2 | would | would | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 3 creep | aux |
| 3 | creep | creep | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | root | root |
| 4 | into | into | ADP | _ | 6 burrows | case |
| 5 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 6 burrows | det |
| 6 | burrows | burrow | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 creep | obl |
| 7 | made | make | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 6 burrows | acl |
| 8 | by | by | ADP | _ | 11 rabbits | case |
| 9 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 11 rabbits | det |
| 10 | great | great | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 11 rabbits | amod |
| 11 | rabbits | rabbit | NOUN | Number=Plur | 7 made | obl |
| 12 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 14 excursionists | punct |
| 13 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 14 excursionists | cc |
| 14 | excursionists | excursionist | NOUN | Number=Plur | 22 see | nsubj |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 16 sporting | punct |
| 16 | sporting | sport | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 14 excursionists | acl |
| 17 | on | on | ADP | _ | 19 downs | case |
| 18 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 19 downs | det |
| 19 | downs | down | NOUN | Number=Plur | 16 sporting | obl |
| 20 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 22 see | punct |
| 21 | would | would | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 22 see | aux |
| 22 | see | see | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 3 creep | parataxis |
| 23 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 29 tail | nmod:poss |
| 24 | long | long | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 29 tail | amod |
| 25 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 24 long | punct |
| 26 | tight | tight | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 29 tail | amod |
| 27 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 26 tight | punct |
| 28 | whiplike | whiplike | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 29 tail | amod |
| 29 | tail | tail | NOUN | Number=Sing | 22 see | obj |
| 30 | wriggling | wriggle | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 29 tail | acl |
| 31 | down | down | ADP | _ | 30 wriggling | compound:prt |
| 32 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 33 burrow | det |
| 33 | burrow | burrow | NOUN | Number=Sing | 30 wriggling | obj |
| 34 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 37 sight | cc |
| 35 | out | out | ADP | _ | 37 sight | case |
| 36 | of | of | ADP | _ | 37 sight | case |
| 37 | sight | sight | NOUN | Number=Sing | 33 burrow | conj |
| 38 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 50 goes | punct |
| 39 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 50 goes | cc |
| 40 | before | before | SCONJ | _ | 42 had | mark |
| 41 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 42 had | nsubj |
| 42 | had | have | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 48 There | advcl |
| 43 | time | time | NOUN | Number=Sing | 42 had | obj |
| 44 | to | to | PART | _ | 45 say | mark |
| 45 | say | say | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 43 time | acl |
| 46 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 42 had | punct |
| 47 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 48 There | punct |
| 48 | There | there | PRON | PronType=Dem | 50 goes | expl |
| 49 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 50 goes | nsubj |
| 50 | goes | go | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 3 creep | parataxis |
| 51 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 58 come | punct |
| 52 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 58 come | punct |
| 53 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 56 head | nmod:poss |
| 54 | ugly | ugly | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 56 head | amod |
| 55 | purple | purple | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 56 head | amod |
| 56 | head | head | NOUN | Number=Sing | 58 come | nsubj |
| 57 | would | would | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 58 come | aux |
| 58 | come | come | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 50 goes | conj |
| 59 | poking | poke | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 58 come | xcomp |
| 60 | out | out | ADP | _ | 59 poking | compound:prt |
| 61 | from | from | ADP | _ | 65 hole | case |
| 62 | another | another | DET | PronType=Ind | 65 hole | det |
| 63 | rabbit | rabbit | NOUN | Number=Sing | 65 hole | compound |
| 64 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 63 rabbit | punct |
| 65 | hole | hole | NOUN | Number=Sing | 59 poking | obl |
| 66 | -- | -- | PUNCT | _ | 70 them | punct |
| 67 | perhaps | perhaps | ADV | _ | 70 them | advmod |
| 68 | just | just | ADV | _ | 70 them | advmod |
| 69 | behind | behind | ADP | _ | 70 them | case |
| 70 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 58 come | advcl |
| 71 | -- | -- | PUNCT | _ | 73 laugh | punct |
| 72 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 73 laugh | cc |
| 73 | laugh | laugh | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 3 creep | conj |
| 74 | softly | softly | ADV | _ | 73 laugh | advmod |
| 75 | to | to | ADP | _ | 76 itself | case |
| 76 | itself | itself | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes | 73 laugh | obl |
| 77 | just | just | ADV | _ | 80 ears | advmod |
| 78 | in | in | ADP | _ | 80 ears | case |
| 79 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 80 ears | nmod:poss |
| 80 | ears | ear | NOUN | Number=Plur | 73 laugh | obl |
| 81 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 creep | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | creep | would | Rotundia | the burrows | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | make | participle | the burrows not said here | by the great rabbits | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset | ||||
| 3 | sport | gerund | excursionists not said here | the downs | tree rules | ||||
| 4 | see | would | excursionists | Rotundia's long tight whiplike tail | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer tail=Stimulus | ||||
| 5 | wriggle down | gerund | Rotundia's long tight whiplike tail not said here | a burrow and sight | tree rules | ||||
| 6 | have | past | excursionists = excursionist | time | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 7 | say speech: assert | to-infinitive | excursionists = excursionist not said here | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 8 | go in a quote | present | Rotundia | there | vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 9 | come | would | Rotundia's ugly purple head | tree rules | |||||
| 10 | poke out | gerund | Rotundia's ugly purple head not said here | another rabbit hole | vn poke-19-1-1-1 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 11 | laugh | infinitive | Rotundia not said here | head | in excursionists's ears; softly property | vn nonverbal_expression-40.2 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent in ear=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Book of Dragons» by E. Nesbit, Project Gutenberg book 23661 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
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