The Book of Dragons, Opening, part 7, sentence 82
They got over the fence, which was very cold and white and shiny because it was beginning to freeze, and on the other side of the fence was somebody else's garden, so they got out of that as quickly as they could, and beyond that was a field where there was another big bonfire, with people standing around it who looked quite dark-skinned.
Who acts: George, fence, that, people · What happens: get, be, begin, freeze, get out, stand · To what, where: fence, garden, other side, big bonfire
This is a sentence of «The Book of Dragons» by E. Nesbit, Opening, part 7. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (George, fence, that, people), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | They | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 2 got | nsubj |
| 2 | got | get | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | over | over | ADP | _ | 5 fence | case |
| 4 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 5 fence | det |
| 5 | fence | fence | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 got | obl |
| 6 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 10 cold | punct |
| 7 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 10 cold | nsubj |
| 8 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 10 cold | cop |
| 9 | very | very | ADV | _ | 10 cold | advmod |
| 10 | cold | cold | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 5 fence | parataxis |
| 11 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 12 white | cc |
| 12 | white | white | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 10 cold | conj |
| 13 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 14 shiny | cc |
| 14 | shiny | shiny | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 10 cold | conj |
| 15 | because | because | SCONJ | _ | 18 beginning | mark |
| 16 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 18 beginning | nsubj |
| 17 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 18 beginning | aux |
| 18 | beginning | begin | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 2 got | advcl |
| 19 | to | to | PART | _ | 20 freeze | mark |
| 20 | freeze | freeze | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 18 beginning | xcomp |
| 21 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 34 garden | punct |
| 22 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 34 garden | cc |
| 23 | on | on | ADP | _ | 26 side | case |
| 24 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 26 side | det |
| 25 | other | other | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 26 side | amod |
| 26 | side | side | NOUN | Number=Sing | 34 garden | obl |
| 27 | of | of | ADP | _ | 29 fence | case |
| 28 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 29 fence | det |
| 29 | fence | fence | NOUN | Number=Sing | 26 side | nmod |
| 30 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 34 garden | cop |
| 31 | somebody | somebody | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Ind | 34 garden | nmod:poss |
| 32 | else | else | ADV | _ | 31 somebody | advmod |
| 33 | 's | 's | PART | _ | 31 somebody | case |
| 34 | garden | garden | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 got | obl |
| 35 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 38 got | punct |
| 36 | so | so | ADV | _ | 38 got | advmod |
| 37 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 38 got | nsubj |
| 38 | got | get | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 2 got | parataxis |
| 39 | out | out | ADV | _ | 38 got | advmod |
| 40 | of | of | ADP | _ | 41 that | case |
| 41 | that | that | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 38 got | obl |
| 42 | as | as | ADV | _ | 43 quickly | advmod |
| 43 | quickly | quickly | ADV | _ | 38 got | advmod |
| 44 | as | as | SCONJ | _ | 46 could | mark |
| 45 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 46 could | nsubj |
| 46 | could | could | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 43 quickly | advcl |
| 47 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 59 bonfire | punct |
| 48 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 59 bonfire | cc |
| 49 | beyond | beyond | ADP | _ | 53 field | case |
| 50 | that | that | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 53 field | nsubj |
| 51 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 53 field | cop |
| 52 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 53 field | det |
| 53 | field | field | NOUN | Number=Sing | 59 bonfire | obl |
| 54 | where | where | ADV | PronType=Rel | 56 was | advmod |
| 55 | there | there | PRON | PronType=Dem | 56 was | expl |
| 56 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 59 bonfire | cop |
| 57 | another | another | DET | PronType=Ind | 59 bonfire | det |
| 58 | big | big | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 59 bonfire | amod |
| 59 | bonfire | bonfire | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 got | obl |
| 60 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 62 people | punct |
| 61 | with | with | ADP | _ | 62 people | case |
| 62 | people | people | NOUN | Number=Plur | 59 bonfire | appos |
| 63 | standing | stand | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 62 people | acl |
| 64 | around | around | ADP | _ | 65 it | case |
| 65 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 63 standing | obl |
| 66 | who | who | PRON | PronType=Rel | 67 looked | nsubj |
| 67 | looked | look | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 62 people | acl:relcl |
| 68 | quite | quite | ADV | _ | 71 skinned | advmod |
| 69 | dark | dark | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 71 skinned | amod |
| 70 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 69 dark | punct |
| 71 | skinned | skinned | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 67 looked | xcomp |
| 72 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 got | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | get | past | George | the fence | vn escape-51.1 «NP V PP.destination»: agent=Theme over fence=Destination | ||||
| 2 | is | past | the fence | cold property | tree rules | ||||
| 3 | be | the fence not said here | tree rules | ||||||
| 4 | be | the fence not said here | tree rules | ||||||
| 5 | begin | past · progressive | fence | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality | |||||
| 6 | freeze | to-infinitive | fence not said here | vn other_cos-45.4-1 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient | |||||
| 7 | is a | past | somebody's garden | the other side of the fence | tree rules | ||||
| 8 | get out | past | George | of that; out, quickly property | vn withdraw-82-1 «NP V PP.source»: agent=Agent of that=Source | ||||
| 9 | is | past | that | beyond a field | tree rules | ||||
| 10 | is a | past | another big bonfire | tree rules | |||||
| 11 | stand | gerund | people not said here | fence | vn assuming_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent around it=Location | ||||
| 12 | look | past | people | skinned property | vn stimulus_subject-30.4 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Stimulus |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Book of Dragons» by E. Nesbit, Project Gutenberg book 23661 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg23661/7/82/