The Book of Dragons, Opening, part 8, sentence 108
You have no idea how cold it was--the kind of cold that makes you feel small and prickly inside your clothes, and makes you wish you had twenty times as many clothes to feel small and prickly inside of.
Who acts: You, idea, kind · What happens: have, be, make, feel, wish · To what, where: idea, you, many clothes · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «The Book of Dragons» by E. Nesbit, Opening, part 8. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (You, idea, kind), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | You | you | PRON | Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs | 2 have | nsubj |
| 2 | have | have | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | no | no | DET | PronType=Neg | 4 idea | det |
| 4 | idea | idea | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 have | obj |
| 5 | how | how | ADV | PronType=Int | 6 cold | advmod |
| 6 | cold | cold | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 4 idea | ccomp |
| 7 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 6 cold | nsubj |
| 8 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 6 cold | cop |
| 9 | -- | -- | PUNCT | _ | 11 kind | punct |
| 10 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 11 kind | det |
| 11 | kind | kind | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 idea | appos |
| 12 | of | of | ADP | _ | 13 cold | case |
| 13 | cold | cold | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 kind | nmod |
| 14 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 15 makes | nsubj |
| 15 | makes | make | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 11 kind | acl:relcl |
| 16 | you | you | PRON | Case=Acc Person=2 PronType=Prs | 15 makes | obj |
| 17 | feel | feel | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 15 makes | xcomp |
| 18 | small | small | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 17 feel | xcomp |
| 19 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 20 prickly | cc |
| 20 | prickly | prickly | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 18 small | conj |
| 21 | inside | inside | ADP | _ | 23 clothes | case |
| 22 | your | your | PRON | Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 23 clothes | nmod:poss |
| 23 | clothes | clothes | NOUN | Number=Ptan | 20 prickly | obl |
| 24 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 26 makes | punct |
| 25 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 26 makes | cc |
| 26 | makes | make | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 2 have | parataxis |
| 27 | you | you | PRON | Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs | 28 wish | nsubj |
| 28 | wish | wish | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 26 makes | ccomp |
| 29 | you | you | PRON | Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs | 30 had | nsubj |
| 30 | had | have | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 28 wish | ccomp |
| 31 | twenty | twenty | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 32 times | nummod |
| 32 | times | time | NOUN | Number=Plur | 30 had | obl:unmarked |
| 33 | as | as | ADV | _ | 34 many | advmod |
| 34 | many | many | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 35 clothes | amod |
| 35 | clothes | clothes | NOUN | Number=Ptan | 30 had | obj |
| 36 | to | to | PART | _ | 37 feel | mark |
| 37 | feel | feel | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 35 clothes | acl |
| 38 | small | small | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 37 feel | xcomp |
| 39 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 40 prickly | cc |
| 40 | prickly | prickly | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 38 small | conj |
| 41 | inside | inside | ADP | _ | 40 prickly | obl |
| 42 | of | of | ADP | _ | 41 inside | fixed |
| 43 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 have | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | have | present | You | no idea | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent idea=Patient | ||||
| 2 | is | past | idea | cold property | tree rules | ||||
| 3 | make | present | the kind of cold | you | tree rules | ||||
| 4 | feel | infinitive | you not said here | small property | vn stimulus_subject-30.4 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Stimulus | ||||
| 5 | make | present | tree rules | ||||||
| 6 | wish | present | you | vn wish-62 «NP V for NP S_INF»: agent=Pivot clause=Theme | |||||
| 7 | have | past | you | many clothes | time | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent clothes=Patient | |||
| 8 | feel | to-infinitive | you not said here | many clothes not said here | small property | vn stimulus_subject-30.4 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Stimulus |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Book of Dragons» by E. Nesbit, Project Gutenberg book 23661 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg23661/8/108/