The Crimson Fairy Book, The Crimson Fairy Book, part 18, sentence 35
“What sort of animals are these?” asked the youth of one of the ladies sitting near him.
Who acts: sort, ladies · What happens: be, ask, sit, sort · To what, where: these, youth, animals · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «The Crimson Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, The Crimson Fairy Book, part 18. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (sort, ladies), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 3 sort | punct |
| 2 | What | what | DET | PronType=Int | 3 sort | det |
| 3 | sort | sort | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 asked | nsubj |
| 4 | of | of | ADP | _ | 5 animals | case |
| 5 | animals | animal | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 sort | nmod |
| 6 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 7 these | cop |
| 7 | these | this | PRON | Number=Plur PronType=Dem | 3 sort | nmod |
| 8 | ? | ? | PUNCT | _ | 3 sort | punct |
| 9 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 3 sort | punct |
| 10 | asked | ask | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 11 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 12 youth | det |
| 12 | youth | youth | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 asked | obj |
| 13 | of | of | ADP | _ | 14 one | case |
| 14 | one | one | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 12 youth | nmod |
| 15 | of | of | ADP | _ | 17 ladies | case |
| 16 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 17 ladies | det |
| 17 | ladies | lady | NOUN | Number=Plur | 14 one | nmod |
| 18 | sitting | sit | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 17 ladies | acl |
| 19 | near | near | ADP | _ | 20 him | case |
| 20 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 18 sitting | obl |
| 21 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 10 asked | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is a in a quote | present | these | tree rules | |||||
| 2 | ask speech: ask | past | what sort of animals | the youth of one of the ladies | vn inquire-37.1.2 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent youth=Recipient | ||||
| 3 | sit | gerund | the ladies not said here | near youth | vn assuming_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent near he=Location | ||||
| 4 | sort in a quote | animals | nom sort «cognition transitive»: of=patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Crimson Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 2435 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg2435/18/35/