The Crimson Fairy Book, The Crimson Fairy Book, part 21, sentence 54
“What is the matter, dear prince?” said a voice just above him, and raising his head, he saw the wild duck.
Who acts: voice, prince · What happens: be, say, raise, see · To what, where: matter, head, wild duck · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «The Crimson Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, The Crimson Fairy Book, part 21. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (voice, prince), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 11 said | punct |
| 2 | What | what | PRON | PronType=Int | 5 matter | nsubj |
| 3 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 5 matter | cop |
| 4 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 5 matter | det |
| 5 | matter | matter | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 said | ccomp |
| 6 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 8 prince | punct |
| 7 | dear | dear | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 8 prince | amod |
| 8 | prince | prince | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 matter | appos |
| 9 | ? | ? | PUNCT | _ | 8 prince | punct |
| 10 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 8 prince | punct |
| 11 | said | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 12 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 13 voice | det |
| 13 | voice | voice | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 said | obj |
| 14 | just | just | ADV | _ | 16 him | advmod |
| 15 | above | above | ADP | _ | 16 him | case |
| 16 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 13 voice | nmod |
| 17 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 24 saw | punct |
| 18 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 24 saw | cc |
| 19 | raising | raise | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 24 saw | advcl |
| 20 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 21 head | nmod:poss |
| 21 | head | head | NOUN | Number=Sing | 19 raising | obj |
| 22 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 19 raising | punct |
| 23 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 24 saw | nsubj |
| 24 | saw | see | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 11 said | conj |
| 25 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 27 duck | det |
| 26 | wild | wild | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 27 duck | amod |
| 27 | duck | duck | NOUN | Number=Sing | 24 saw | obj |
| 28 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 11 said | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is a in a quote | present | the matter | tree rules | |||||
| 2 | say speech: ask | past | a voice | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 3 | raise | gerund | prince not said here | prince's head | vn put_direction-9.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent head=Theme | ||||
| 4 | see | past | prince | the wild duck | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer duck=Stimulus |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Crimson Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 2435 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg2435/21/54/