The Crimson Fairy Book, The Crimson Fairy Book, part 21, sentence 75
Then he was given a flute and a zither, but he was just as well able to draw music from them; and the prince, whose courage was gradually rising, spoke to him in all the languages he knew.
Who acts: prince, courage · What happens: give, be, draw, rise, speak, know · To what, where: prince, music, courage, languages · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «The Crimson Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, The Crimson Fairy Book, part 21. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (prince, courage), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Then | then | ADV | PronType=Dem | 4 given | advmod |
| 2 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 4 given | nsubj:pass |
| 3 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 given | aux:pass |
| 4 | given | give | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 5 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 6 flute | det |
| 6 | flute | flute | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 given | obj |
| 7 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 9 zither | cc |
| 8 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 9 zither | det |
| 9 | zither | zither | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 flute | conj |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 17 able | punct |
| 11 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 17 able | cc |
| 12 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 17 able | nsubj |
| 13 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 17 able | cop |
| 14 | just | just | ADV | _ | 15 as | advmod |
| 15 | as | as | ADV | ExtPos=ADV | 17 able | advmod |
| 16 | well | well | ADV | Degree=Pos | 15 as | fixed |
| 17 | able | able | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 4 given | advcl |
| 18 | to | to | PART | _ | 19 draw | mark |
| 19 | draw | draw | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 17 able | xcomp |
| 20 | music | music | NOUN | Number=Sing | 19 draw | obj |
| 21 | from | from | ADP | _ | 22 them | case |
| 22 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 19 draw | obl |
| 23 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 34 spoke | punct |
| 24 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 34 spoke | cc |
| 25 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 26 prince | det |
| 26 | prince | prince | NOUN | Number=Sing | 34 spoke | nsubj |
| 27 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 32 rising | punct |
| 28 | whose | whose | PRON | Poss=Yes PronType=Rel | 29 courage | nmod:poss |
| 29 | courage | courage | NOUN | Number=Sing | 32 rising | nsubj |
| 30 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 32 rising | aux |
| 31 | gradually | gradually | ADV | _ | 32 rising | advmod |
| 32 | rising | rise | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 26 prince | conj |
| 33 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 26 prince | punct |
| 34 | spoke | speak | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 given | conj |
| 35 | to | to | ADP | _ | 36 him | case |
| 36 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 34 spoke | obl |
| 37 | in | in | ADP | _ | 40 languages | case |
| 38 | all | all | DET | PronType=Tot | 40 languages | det:predet |
| 39 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 40 languages | det |
| 40 | languages | language | NOUN | Number=Plur | 34 spoke | obl |
| 41 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 42 knew | nsubj |
| 42 | knew | know | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 40 languages | acl:relcl |
| 43 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 given | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | give | past · passive | prince | then | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: subject=Recipient flute=Theme | ||||
| 2 | is | past | prince | able property | tree rules | ||||
| 3 | draw | to-infinitive | prince not said here | music | from flute | vn carry-11.4 «NP V NP PP.initial_location»: agent=Agent music=Theme from they=Initial_Location | |||
| 4 | rise | past · progressive | courage | gradually property | vn assuming_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 5 | speak speech: other | past | the prince | courage | all languages | vn talk-37.5 «NP V PP.co-agent»: agent=Agent to he=Co-Agent | |||
| 6 | know | past | prince | all languages not said here | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Experiencer language=Stimulus |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Crimson Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 2435 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg2435/21/75/