Grimms' Fairy Tales, The Twelve Dancing Princesses, sentence 21
‘You simpleton,’ said the eldest, ‘you are always afraid; have you forgotten how many kings’ sons have already watched in vain?
Who acts: You, simpleton, sons · What happens: simpleton, say, be, forget, watch · To what, where: vain · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Grimms' Fairy Tales» by Jacob Grimm, The Twelve Dancing Princesses. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (You, simpleton, sons), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ‘ | ' | PUNCT | _ | 3 simpleton | punct |
| 2 | You | you | PRON | Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs | 3 simpleton | nsubj |
| 3 | simpleton | simpleton | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 said | nsubj |
| 4 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 3 simpleton | punct |
| 5 | ’ | ' | PUNCT | _ | 3 simpleton | punct |
| 6 | said | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 7 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 8 eldest | det |
| 8 | eldest | eld | ADJ | Degree=Sup | 6 said | ccomp |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 14 afraid | punct |
| 10 | ‘ | ' | PUNCT | _ | 14 afraid | punct |
| 11 | you | you | PRON | Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs | 14 afraid | nsubj |
| 12 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 14 afraid | cop |
| 13 | always | always | ADV | PronType=Tot | 14 afraid | advmod |
| 14 | afraid | afraid | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 6 said | advcl |
| 15 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 18 forgotten | punct |
| 16 | have | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 18 forgotten | aux |
| 17 | you | you | PRON | Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs | 18 forgotten | nsubj |
| 18 | forgotten | forget | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 21 kings | amod |
| 19 | how | how | ADV | PronType=Int | 20 many | advmod |
| 20 | many | many | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 21 kings | amod |
| 21 | kings | king | NOUN | Number=Plur | 23 sons | nmod:poss |
| 22 | ’ | 's | PART | _ | 21 kings | case |
| 23 | sons | son | NOUN | Number=Plur | 26 watched | nsubj |
| 24 | have | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 26 watched | aux |
| 25 | already | already | ADV | _ | 26 watched | advmod |
| 26 | watched | watch | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 14 afraid | ccomp |
| 27 | in | in | ADP | _ | 28 vain | case |
| 28 | vain | vain | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 26 watched | obl |
| 29 | ? | ? | PUNCT | _ | 6 said | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | simpleton | You | tree rules | ||||||
| 2 | say speech: assert | past | simpleton | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 3 | is | present | you | afraid, always property | tree rules | ||||
| 4 | forget | present · perfect | you | tree rules | |||||
| 5 | watch | present · perfect | forgotten many kings's sons | vain | vn search-35.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent in vain=Location |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Grimms' Fairy Tales» by Jacob Grimm, Project Gutenberg book 2591 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg2591/10/21/