Grimms' Fairy Tales, The Little Peasant, sentence 13
The cow-herd said: ‘It must have run away.’
Who acts: cow herd · What happens: say, run away · To what, where: calf · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Grimms' Fairy Tales» by Jacob Grimm, The Little Peasant. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (cow herd), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 4 herd | det |
| 2 | cow | cow | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 herd | compound |
| 3 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 2 cow | punct |
| 4 | herd | herd | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 said | nsubj |
| 5 | said | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 6 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 5 said | punct |
| 7 | ‘ | ' | PUNCT | _ | 11 run | punct |
| 8 | It | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 11 run | nsubj:pass |
| 9 | must | must | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 11 run | aux |
| 10 | have | have | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 11 run | aux |
| 11 | run | run | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 5 said | ccomp |
| 12 | away | away | ADV | _ | 11 run | advmod |
| 13 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 11 run | punct |
| 14 | ’ | ' | PUNCT | _ | 11 run | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | say speech: assert | past | the cow herd | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | |||||
| 2 | run away | must · perfect · passive | calf | away property | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Trajectory |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Grimms' Fairy Tales» by Jacob Grimm, Project Gutenberg book 2591 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg2591/28/13/