Grimms' Fairy Tales, Hans in Luck, sentence 104
‘Now,’ said the grinder, as he gave him a common rough stone that lay by his side, ‘this is a most capital stone; do but work it well enough, and you can make an old nail cut with it.’
Who acts: grinder, common rough stone, this, you · What happens: say, give, lie, be, work, make · To what, where: grinder, Hans, capital stone, more, old nail · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Grimms' Fairy Tales» by Jacob Grimm, Hans in Luck. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (grinder, common rough stone, this, you), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ‘ | ' | PUNCT | _ | 5 said | punct |
| 2 | Now | now | ADV | PronType=Dem | 5 said | advmod |
| 3 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 2 Now | punct |
| 4 | ’ | ' | PUNCT | _ | 5 said | punct |
| 5 | said | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 6 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 7 grinder | det |
| 7 | grinder | grinder | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 said | obj |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 11 gave | punct |
| 9 | as | as | SCONJ | _ | 11 gave | mark |
| 10 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 11 gave | nsubj |
| 11 | gave | give | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 5 said | conj |
| 12 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 11 gave | iobj |
| 13 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 16 stone | det |
| 14 | common | common | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 16 stone | amod |
| 15 | rough | rough | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 16 stone | amod |
| 16 | stone | stone | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 lay | nsubj |
| 17 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 18 lay | nsubj |
| 18 | lay | lie | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 11 gave | advcl |
| 19 | by | by | ADP | _ | 21 side | case |
| 20 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 21 side | nmod:poss |
| 21 | side | side | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 lay | obl |
| 22 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 29 stone | punct |
| 23 | ‘ | ' | PUNCT | _ | 29 stone | punct |
| 24 | this | this | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 29 stone | nsubj |
| 25 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 29 stone | cop |
| 26 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 29 stone | det |
| 27 | most | most | ADV | Degree=Sup | 29 stone | advmod |
| 28 | capital | capital | NOUN | Number=Sing | 29 stone | compound |
| 29 | stone | stone | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 lay | obl |
| 30 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 33 work | punct |
| 31 | do | do | AUX | Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin | 33 work | aux |
| 32 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 33 work | cc |
| 33 | work | work | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 5 said | conj |
| 34 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 33 work | obj |
| 35 | well | well | ADV | Degree=Pos | 33 work | advmod |
| 36 | enough | enough | ADV | _ | 35 well | advmod |
| 37 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 41 make | punct |
| 38 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 41 make | cc |
| 39 | you | you | PRON | Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs | 41 make | nsubj |
| 40 | can | can | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 41 make | aux |
| 41 | make | make | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 33 work | conj |
| 42 | an | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 44 nail | det |
| 43 | old | old | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 44 nail | amod |
| 44 | nail | nail | NOUN | Number=Sing | 41 make | obj |
| 45 | cut | cut | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 44 nail | acl |
| 46 | with | with | ADP | _ | 47 it | case |
| 47 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 45 cut | obl |
| 48 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 5 said | punct |
| 49 | ’ | ' | PUNCT | _ | 5 said | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | say speech: assert | past | the grinder | now | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent grinder=Topic | ||||
| 2 | give | past | grinder | Hans | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent he=Theme | ||||
| 3 | lie | past | a common rough stone | by Hans's side | vn assuming_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent by side=Location | ||||
| 4 | is a | present | this | a capital stone | tree rules | ||||
| 5 | work | infinitive · do-support | more | well property | vn knead-26.5 «NP V NP.material»: agent=Agent it=Material | ||||
| 6 | make | can | you | a old nail | vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent nail=Product | ||||
| 7 | cut | participle | a old nail not said here | with more | vn cut-21.1-1 «NP V PP PP»: agent=Agent with it=Instrument |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Grimms' Fairy Tales» by Jacob Grimm, Project Gutenberg book 2591 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg2591/3/104/