Grimms' Fairy Tales, The Miser in the Bush, sentence 26
Then the miser began to beg and promise, and offered money for his liberty; but he did not come up to the musician’s price for some time, and he danced him along brisker and brisker, and the miser bid higher and higher, till at last he offered a round hundred of florins that he had in his purse, and had just gained by cheating some poor fellow.
Who acts: miser, sake · What happens: begin, beg, promise, offer, not come up, dance · To what, where: money, price, other, round hundred, last, florins
This is a sentence of «Grimms' Fairy Tales» by Jacob Grimm, The Miser in the Bush. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (miser, sake), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Then | then | ADV | PronType=Dem | 4 began | advmod |
| 2 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 miser | det |
| 3 | miser | miser | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 began | nsubj |
| 4 | began | begin | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 5 | to | to | PART | _ | 6 beg | mark |
| 6 | beg | beg | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 4 began | xcomp |
| 7 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 8 promise | cc |
| 8 | promise | promise | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 6 beg | conj |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 11 offered | punct |
| 10 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 11 offered | cc |
| 11 | offered | offer | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 began | parataxis |
| 12 | money | money | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 offered | obj |
| 13 | for | for | ADP | _ | 15 liberty | case |
| 14 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 15 liberty | nmod:poss |
| 15 | liberty | liberty | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 offered | obl |
| 16 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 21 come | punct |
| 17 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 21 come | cc |
| 18 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 21 come | nsubj |
| 19 | did | do | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 21 come | aux |
| 20 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 21 come | advmod |
| 21 | come | come | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 11 offered | conj |
| 22 | up | up | ADV | _ | 21 come | advmod |
| 23 | to | to | ADP | _ | 27 price | case |
| 24 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 25 musician | det |
| 25 | musician | musician | NOUN | Number=Sing | 27 price | nmod:poss |
| 26 | ’s | 's | PART | _ | 25 musician | case |
| 27 | price | price | NOUN | Number=Sing | 21 come | obl |
| 28 | for | for | ADP | _ | 30 time | case |
| 29 | some | some | DET | PronType=Ind | 30 time | det |
| 30 | time | time | NOUN | Number=Sing | 21 come | obl |
| 31 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 34 danced | punct |
| 32 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 34 danced | cc |
| 33 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 34 danced | nsubj |
| 34 | danced | dance | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 began | conj |
| 35 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 34 danced | obj |
| 36 | along | along | ADV | _ | 34 danced | advmod |
| 37 | brisker | brisk | ADJ | Degree=Cmp | 34 danced | xcomp |
| 38 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 39 brisker | cc |
| 39 | brisker | brisk | ADJ | Degree=Cmp | 37 brisker | conj |
| 40 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 44 bid | punct |
| 41 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 44 bid | cc |
| 42 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 43 miser | det |
| 43 | miser | miser | NOUN | Number=Sing | 44 bid | nsubj |
| 44 | bid | bid | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 began | parataxis |
| 45 | higher | high | ADJ | Degree=Cmp | 44 bid | xcomp |
| 46 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 47 higher | cc |
| 47 | higher | high | ADJ | Degree=Cmp | 45 higher | conj |
| 48 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 53 offered | punct |
| 49 | till | till | SCONJ | _ | 53 offered | mark |
| 50 | at | at | ADP | _ | 51 last | case |
| 51 | last | last | NOUN | Number=Sing | 53 offered | obl |
| 52 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 53 offered | nsubj |
| 53 | offered | offer | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 44 bid | conj |
| 54 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 56 hundred | det |
| 55 | round | round | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 56 hundred | amod |
| 56 | hundred | hundred | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 53 offered | obj |
| 57 | of | of | ADP | _ | 58 florins | case |
| 58 | florins | florin | NOUN | Number=Plur | 56 hundred | nmod |
| 59 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 61 had | obj |
| 60 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 61 had | nsubj |
| 61 | had | have | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 58 florins | acl:relcl |
| 62 | in | in | ADP | _ | 64 purse | case |
| 63 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 64 purse | nmod:poss |
| 64 | purse | purse | NOUN | Number=Sing | 61 had | obl |
| 65 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 69 gained | punct |
| 66 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 69 gained | cc |
| 67 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 69 gained | aux |
| 68 | just | just | ADV | _ | 69 gained | advmod |
| 69 | gained | gain | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 4 began | parataxis |
| 70 | by | by | SCONJ | _ | 71 cheating | mark |
| 71 | cheating | cheat | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 69 gained | advcl |
| 72 | some | some | DET | PronType=Ind | 74 fellow | det |
| 73 | poor | poor | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 74 fellow | amod |
| 74 | fellow | fellow | NOUN | Number=Sing | 71 cheating | obj |
| 75 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 began | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | begin | past | the miser | then | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality | ||||
| 2 | beg speech: request | to-infinitive | the miser not said here | vn beg-58.2-1-1 «NP V PP.Topic»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 3 | promise speech: promise | infinitive | the miser not said here | vn promise-37.13 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 4 | offer | past | money | for sake's liberty goal | vn future_having-13.3 «NP V NP PP.goal»: agent=Agent money=Theme for liberty=Goal | ||||
| 5 | not come up | past · do-support | sake | the musician's price | time | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme to price=Initial_Location | |||
| 6 | dance | past | sake | other | along, brisk property | vn modes_of_being_with_motion-47.3 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location he=Theme | |||
| 7 | bid | past | the miser | high property | tree rules | ||||
| 8 | offer | past | sake | a round hundred of florins | last | vn future_having-13.3 «NP V NP.theme (PP)»: agent=Agent hundred=Theme | |||
| 9 | have | past | sake | florins | sake's purse | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent that=Patient | |||
| 10 | gain | past · perfect | vn calibratable_cos-45.6.1-1 «NP.attribute V»: agent=Attribute | ||||||
| 11 | cheat | gerund | some poor fellow | vn cheat-10.6.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent fellow=Source |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Grimms' Fairy Tales» by Jacob Grimm, Project Gutenberg book 2591 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
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