Grimms' Fairy Tales, The Three Languages, sentence 11
He answered: ‘Father, I have learnt what the birds say.’
Who acts: father, I, birds · What happens: answer, learn, say · To what, where: Father · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Grimms' Fairy Tales» by Jacob Grimm, The Three Languages. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (father, I, birds), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | He | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 2 answered | nsubj |
| 2 | answered | answer | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 5 Father | punct |
| 4 | ‘ | ' | PUNCT | _ | 5 Father | punct |
| 5 | Father | Father | PROPN | Number=Sing | 2 answered | obj |
| 6 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 9 learnt | punct |
| 7 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 9 learnt | nsubj |
| 8 | have | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 9 learnt | aux |
| 9 | learnt | learn | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 5 Father | conj |
| 10 | what | what | PRON | PronType=Int | 13 say | obj |
| 11 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 12 birds | det |
| 12 | birds | bird | NOUN | Number=Plur | 13 say | nsubj |
| 13 | say | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 9 learnt | acl:relcl |
| 14 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 5 Father | punct |
| 15 | ’ | ' | PUNCT | _ | 5 Father | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | answer speech: assert | past | father | Father | vn reciprocate-112-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Agent father=Eventuality | ||||
| 2 | learn | present · perfect | I | vn learn-14-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 3 | say speech: assert | present | the birds | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent what=Topic |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Grimms' Fairy Tales» by Jacob Grimm, Project Gutenberg book 2591 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg2591/41/11/