Grimms' Fairy Tales, The Story of the Youth Who Went Forth to Learn What Fear Was, sentence 8
Now it came to pass that his father said to him one day: ‘Hearken to me, you fellow in the corner there, you are growing tall and strong, and you too must learn something by which you can earn your bread.
Who acts: younger, father, you · What happens: come, pass, say, hearken, fellow, grow · To what, where: fellow, me, corner, something, bread · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Grimms' Fairy Tales» by Jacob Grimm, The Story of the Youth Who Went Forth to Learn What Fear Was. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (younger, father, you), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Now | now | ADV | PronType=Dem | 3 came | advmod |
| 2 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 3 came | nsubj |
| 3 | came | come | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | to | to | PART | _ | 5 pass | mark |
| 5 | pass | pass | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 3 came | xcomp |
| 6 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 9 said | mark |
| 7 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 8 father | nmod:poss |
| 8 | father | father | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 said | nsubj |
| 9 | said | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 5 pass | advcl |
| 10 | to | to | ADP | _ | 11 him | case |
| 11 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 9 said | obl |
| 12 | one | one | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 13 day | nummod |
| 13 | day | day | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 said | obl:unmarked |
| 14 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 16 Hearken | punct |
| 15 | ‘ | ' | PUNCT | _ | 16 Hearken | punct |
| 16 | Hearken | hearken | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 3 came | conj |
| 17 | to | to | ADP | _ | 18 me | case |
| 18 | me | I | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 16 Hearken | obl |
| 19 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 21 fellow | punct |
| 20 | you | you | PRON | Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs | 21 fellow | nsubj |
| 21 | fellow | fellow | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 16 Hearken | conj |
| 22 | in | in | ADP | _ | 24 corner | case |
| 23 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 24 corner | det |
| 24 | corner | corner | NOUN | Number=Sing | 21 fellow | obl |
| 25 | there | there | ADV | PronType=Dem | 21 fellow | advmod |
| 26 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 29 growing | punct |
| 27 | you | you | PRON | Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs | 29 growing | nsubj |
| 28 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 29 growing | aux |
| 29 | growing | grow | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 21 fellow | advcl |
| 30 | tall | tall | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 29 growing | xcomp |
| 31 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 32 strong | cc |
| 32 | strong | strong | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 30 tall | conj |
| 33 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 38 learn | punct |
| 34 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 38 learn | cc |
| 35 | you | you | PRON | Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs | 38 learn | nsubj |
| 36 | too | too | ADV | _ | 38 learn | advmod |
| 37 | must | must | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 38 learn | aux |
| 38 | learn | learn | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 3 came | conj |
| 39 | something | something | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Ind | 38 learn | obj |
| 40 | by | by | ADP | _ | 41 which | case |
| 41 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 44 earn | obl |
| 42 | you | you | PRON | Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs | 44 earn | nsubj |
| 43 | can | can | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 44 earn | aux |
| 44 | earn | earn | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 39 something | acl:relcl |
| 45 | your | your | PRON | Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 46 bread | nmod:poss |
| 46 | bread | bread | NOUN | Number=Sing | 44 earn | obj |
| 47 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 came | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | come | past | younger = young | now | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | pass | to-infinitive | younger = young not said here | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 3 | say speech: assert | past | fellow's father | fellow | day | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V PP.recipient S-Quote»: agent=Agent to he=Recipient | |||
| 4 | hearken | infinitive | younger = young not said here | me | tree rules | ||||
| 5 | fellow | present | you | the corner; there | tree rules | ||||
| 6 | grow | present · progressive | you | tall property | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 7 | learn | must | you | something | vn learn-14-2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent something=Topic | ||||
| 8 | earn | can | you | your bread | vn get-13.5.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent bread=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Grimms' Fairy Tales» by Jacob Grimm, Project Gutenberg book 2591 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg2591/57/8/