Grimms' Fairy Tales, The Dog and the Sparrow, sentence 7
So the sparrow perched upon the shelf: and having first looked carefully about her to see if anyone was watching her, she pecked and scratched at a steak that lay upon the edge of the shelf, till at last down it fell.
Who acts: sparrow, having, anyone, steak, shelf · What happens: perch, have, look, see, watch, peck · To what, where: shelf, sparrow, edge
This is a sentence of «Grimms' Fairy Tales» by Jacob Grimm, The Dog and the Sparrow. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (sparrow, having, anyone, steak), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | So | so | ADV | _ | 4 perched | advmod |
| 2 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 sparrow | det |
| 3 | sparrow | sparrow | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 perched | nsubj |
| 4 | perched | perch | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 5 | upon | upon | ADP | _ | 7 shelf | case |
| 6 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 7 shelf | det |
| 7 | shelf | shelf | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 perched | obl |
| 8 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 12 looked | punct |
| 9 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 12 looked | cc |
| 10 | having | have | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 12 looked | csubj |
| 11 | first | first | ADV | NumForm=Word NumType=Ord | 10 having | advmod |
| 12 | looked | look | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 perched | parataxis |
| 13 | carefully | carefully | ADV | _ | 12 looked | advmod |
| 14 | about | about | ADP | _ | 15 her | case |
| 15 | her | she | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 12 looked | obl |
| 16 | to | to | PART | _ | 17 see | mark |
| 17 | see | see | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 12 looked | advcl |
| 18 | if | if | SCONJ | _ | 21 watching | mark |
| 19 | anyone | anyone | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Ind | 21 watching | nsubj |
| 20 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 21 watching | aux |
| 21 | watching | watch | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 17 see | advcl |
| 22 | her | she | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 21 watching | obj |
| 23 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 25 pecked | punct |
| 24 | she | she | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 25 pecked | nsubj |
| 25 | pecked | peck | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 12 looked | parataxis |
| 26 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 27 scratched | cc |
| 27 | scratched | scratch | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 25 pecked | conj |
| 28 | at | at | ADP | _ | 30 steak | case |
| 29 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 30 steak | det |
| 30 | steak | steak | NOUN | Number=Sing | 27 scratched | obl |
| 31 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 32 lay | nsubj |
| 32 | lay | lie | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 30 steak | acl:relcl |
| 33 | upon | upon | ADP | _ | 35 edge | case |
| 34 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 35 edge | det |
| 35 | edge | edge | NOUN | Number=Sing | 32 lay | obl |
| 36 | of | of | ADP | _ | 38 shelf | case |
| 37 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 38 shelf | det |
| 38 | shelf | shelf | NOUN | Number=Sing | 35 edge | nmod |
| 39 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 42 last | punct |
| 40 | till | till | ADP | _ | 42 last | case |
| 41 | at | at | ADP | _ | 42 last | case |
| 42 | last | last | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 25 pecked | conj |
| 43 | down | down | ADP | _ | 45 fell | mark |
| 44 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 45 fell | nsubj |
| 45 | fell | fall | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 42 last | advcl |
| 46 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 perched | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | perch | participle | the sparrow | the shelf | vn assuming_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent upon shelf=Location | ||||
| 2 | have | gerund | first property | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 3 | look | past | having | about sparrow; carefully property | vn peer-30.3 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent about she=Theme | ||||
| 4 | see | to-infinitive | having not said here | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer | |||||
| 5 | watch a condition, not said to happen | past · progressive | anyone | sparrow | vn assessment-34.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent she=Theme | ||||
| 6 | peck | past | sparrow | vn chew-39.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 7 | scratch | past | sparrow not said here | at a steak | vn cut-21.1-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Agent at steak=Patient | ||||
| 8 | lie | past | a steak | the edge of the shelf | vn assuming_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent upon edge=Location | ||||
| 9 | fall | past | shelf | vn occur-48.3 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Grimms' Fairy Tales» by Jacob Grimm, Project Gutenberg book 2591 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg2591/9/7/