Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen, Thirty-first Evening, sentence 8

He stepped into the carriage, the door was closed, the whip cracked, and the horses gallopped off into the thick forest, whither my rays were not able to follow him; but as I glanced through the grated window, my rays glided over the notes, his last farewell engraved on the prison wall--where words fail, sounds can often speak.

Who acts: prisoner, whip, horses, rays, I, words · What happens: step, close, crack, gallopp off, not be, follow · To what, where: carriage, door, thick forest, prisoner, notes, last farewell · Speech: someone speaks here

This is a sentence of «Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen» by H. C. Andersen, Thirty-first Evening. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (prisoner, whip, horses, rays), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	He	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 stepped	nsubj
2	stepped	step	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	into	into	ADP	_	5 carriage	case
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 carriage	det
5	carriage	carriage	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 stepped	obl
6	,	,	PUNCT	_	10 closed	punct
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 door	det
8	door	door	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 closed	nsubj:pass
9	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	10 closed	aux:pass
10	closed	close	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	2 stepped	conj
11	,	,	PUNCT	_	14 cracked	punct
12	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	13 whip	det
13	whip	whip	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 cracked	nsubj
14	cracked	crack	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	2 stepped	conj
15	,	,	PUNCT	_	19 gallopped	punct
16	and	and	CCONJ	_	19 gallopped	cc
17	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	18 horses	det
18	horses	horse	NOUN	Number=Plur	19 gallopped	nsubj
19	gallopped	gallopp	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	2 stepped	parataxis
20	off	off	ADP	_	19 gallopped	compound:prt
21	into	into	ADP	_	24 forest	case
22	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	24 forest	det
23	thick	thick	ADJ	Degree=Pos	24 forest	amod
24	forest	forest	NOUN	Number=Sing	19 gallopped	obl
25	,	,	PUNCT	_	31 able	punct
26	whither	whither	ADV	PronType=Int	31 able	advmod
27	my	my	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	28 rays	nmod:poss
28	rays	ray	NOUN	Number=Plur	31 able	nsubj
29	were	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	31 able	cop
30	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	31 able	advmod
31	able	able	ADJ	Degree=Pos	19 gallopped	conj
32	to	to	PART	_	33 follow	mark
33	follow	follow	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	31 able	xcomp
34	him	he	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	33 follow	obj
35	;	;	PUNCT	_	39 glanced	punct
36	but	but	CCONJ	_	39 glanced	cc
37	as	as	SCONJ	_	39 glanced	mark
38	I	I	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	39 glanced	nsubj
39	glanced	glance	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	2 stepped	parataxis
40	through	through	ADP	_	43 window	case
41	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	43 window	det
42	grated	grate	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	43 window	amod
43	window	window	NOUN	Number=Sing	39 glanced	obl
44	,	,	PUNCT	_	47 glided	punct
45	my	my	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	46 rays	nmod:poss
46	rays	ray	NOUN	Number=Plur	47 glided	nsubj
47	glided	glide	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	39 glanced	conj
48	over	over	ADP	_	50 notes	case
49	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	50 notes	det
50	notes	note	NOUN	Number=Plur	47 glided	obl
51	,	,	PUNCT	_	54 farewell	punct
52	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	54 farewell	nmod:poss
53	last	last	ADJ	Degree=Pos	54 farewell	amod
54	farewell	farewell	NOUN	Number=Sing	50 notes	nmod
55	engraved	engrave	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	54 farewell	acl
56	on	on	ADP	_	59 wall	case
57	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	59 wall	det
58	prison	prison	NOUN	Number=Sing	59 wall	compound
59	wall	wall	NOUN	Number=Sing	55 engraved	obl
60	--	--	PUNCT	_	63 fail	punct
61	where	where	ADV	PronType=Rel	63 fail	advmod
62	words	word	NOUN	Number=Plur	63 fail	nsubj
63	fail	fail	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	59 wall	acl:relcl
64	,	,	PUNCT	_	68 speak	punct
65	sounds	sound	NOUN	Number=Plur	68 speak	nsubj
66	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	68 speak	aux
67	often	often	ADV	_	68 speak	advmod
68	speak	speak	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	47 glided	conj
69	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 stepped	punct

Pragmatics

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	step	past	prisoner		the carriage		vn run-51.3.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme into carriage=Destination
2	close	past · passive		the door			vn crane-40.3.2 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient
3	crack	past	the whip				vn sound_emission-43.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme
4	gallopp off	past	the horses		the thick forest		tree rules
5	not is	past	my rays			able, whither property	tree rules
6	follow	to-infinitive	my rays not said here	prisoner			vn chase-51.6 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent he=Theme
7	glance	past	I			through the grated window	vn peer-30.3 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent through window=Theme
8	grate	participle					vn appeal-31.4-1 «NP V»: agent=Stimulus
9	glide	past	my rays		the notes prisoner's last farewell		vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme over note=Trajectory
10	engrave	participle		prisoner's last farewell not said here	the prison wall		vn image_impression-25.1 «NP V NP.theme PP.destination»: agent=Agent on wall=Destination
11	fail	present	words				vn succeed-74-3-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
12	speak speech: other	can	sounds			often property	vn talk-37.5 «NP V»: agent=Agent
13	ray		my				nom ray «phenomenon transitive»: poss=agent
14	ray		my				nom ray «phenomenon transitive»: poss=agent

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Text: «Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen» by H. C. Andersen, Project Gutenberg book 27200 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg27200/122/8/