Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen, The Nightingale, sentence 30
Your imperial majesty," said he, "cannot believe everything contained in books; sometimes they are only fiction, or what is called the black art."
Who acts: imperial majesty, majesty, books · What happens: say, not believe, contain, be, call · To what, where: everything, books, fiction · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen» by H. C. Andersen, The Nightingale. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (imperial majesty, majesty, books), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Your | your | PRON | Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 3 majesty | nmod:poss |
| 2 | imperial | imperial | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 3 majesty | amod |
| 3 | majesty | majesty | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 said | nsubj |
| 4 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 3 majesty | punct |
| 5 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 3 majesty | punct |
| 6 | said | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 7 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 12 believe | nsubj |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 12 believe | punct |
| 9 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 12 believe | punct |
| 10 | can | can | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 12 believe | aux |
| 11 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 12 believe | advmod |
| 12 | believe | believe | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 6 said | ccomp |
| 13 | everything | everything | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Tot | 12 believe | obj |
| 14 | contained | contain | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 13 everything | acl |
| 15 | in | in | ADP | _ | 16 books | case |
| 16 | books | book | NOUN | Number=Plur | 14 contained | obl |
| 17 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 22 fiction | punct |
| 18 | sometimes | sometimes | ADV | PronType=Ind | 22 fiction | advmod |
| 19 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 22 fiction | nsubj |
| 20 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 22 fiction | cop |
| 21 | only | only | ADV | _ | 22 fiction | advmod |
| 22 | fiction | fiction | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 believe | parataxis |
| 23 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 27 called | punct |
| 24 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 27 called | cc |
| 25 | what | what | PRON | PronType=Int | 27 called | nsubj:pass |
| 26 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 27 called | aux:pass |
| 27 | called | call | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 22 fiction | parataxis |
| 28 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 30 art | det |
| 29 | black | black | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 30 art | amod |
| 30 | art | art | NOUN | Number=Sing | 27 called | xcomp |
| 31 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 12 believe | punct |
| 32 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 12 believe | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | say speech: assert in a quote | past | Your imperial majesty | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | |||||
| 2 | not believe | can | majesty | everything | vn admire-31.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer everything=Stimulus | ||||
| 3 | contain | participle | books | vn fit-54.3 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent in book=Location | |||||
| 4 | is a | present | books = book | fiction | sometimes property | tree rules | |||
| 5 | call speech: assert | present · passive | fiction | vn initiate_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: subject=Recipient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen» by H. C. Andersen, Project Gutenberg book 27200 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg27200/125/30/