Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen, The Old Bachelor's Nightcap, sentence 182
There lay the old bachelor, forsaken by all, and unable to help himself.
What happens: lie, forsake, help · To what, where: old bachelor, weather
This is a sentence of «Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen» by H. C. Andersen, The Old Bachelor's Nightcap. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | There | there | PRON | PronType=Dem | 2 lay | expl |
| 2 | lay | lie | VERB | Mood=Ind Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 5 bachelor | det |
| 4 | old | old | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 5 bachelor | amod |
| 5 | bachelor | bachelor | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 lay | obj |
| 6 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 7 forsaken | punct |
| 7 | forsaken | forsake | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 5 bachelor | acl |
| 8 | by | by | ADP | _ | 9 all | case |
| 9 | all | all | DET | PronType=Tot | 7 forsaken | obl |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 12 unable | punct |
| 11 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 12 unable | cc |
| 12 | unable | unable | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 2 lay | conj |
| 13 | to | to | PART | _ | 14 help | mark |
| 14 | help | help | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 12 unable | xcomp |
| 15 | himself | himself | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes | 14 help | obj |
| 16 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 lay | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | lie | past | the old bachelor | there | vn spatial_configuration-47.6 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location bachelor=Theme | ||||
| 2 | forsake | participle | the old bachelor not said here | by all | tree rules | ||||
| 3 | help | to-infinitive | weather | vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent himself=Beneficiary |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen» by H. C. Andersen, Project Gutenberg book 27200 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg27200/128/182/