Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen, First Visit, sentence 39

I saw them become the dwelling-place of birds that are unknown to us, and then become the seat of wild chiefs of whom we know nothing, until with their axes they cut their Runic signs into a few of these stones, which then came into the calendar of time.

Who acts: I, persons, birds, we, stones · What happens: see, become, be, know, cut, come · To what, where: persons, dwelling place, us, seat, nothing, Runic signs

This is a sentence of «Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen» by H. C. Andersen, First Visit. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (I, persons, birds, we), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	I	I	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	2 saw	nsubj
2	saw	see	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	them	they	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 saw	obj
4	become	become	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	2 saw	xcomp
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 place	det
6	dwelling	dwelling	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 place	compound
7	-	-	PUNCT	_	6 dwelling	punct
8	place	place	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 become	xcomp
9	of	of	ADP	_	10 birds	case
10	birds	bird	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 place	nmod
11	that	that	PRON	PronType=Rel	13 unknown	nsubj
12	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	13 unknown	cop
13	unknown	unknown	ADJ	Degree=Pos	10 birds	acl:relcl
14	to	to	ADP	_	15 us	case
15	us	we	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs	13 unknown	obl
16	,	,	PUNCT	_	19 become	punct
17	and	and	CCONJ	_	19 become	cc
18	then	then	ADV	PronType=Dem	19 become	advmod
19	become	become	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	2 saw	conj
20	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	21 seat	det
21	seat	seat	NOUN	Number=Sing	19 become	xcomp
22	of	of	ADP	_	24 chiefs	case
23	wild	wild	ADJ	Degree=Pos	24 chiefs	amod
24	chiefs	chief	NOUN	Number=Plur	21 seat	nmod
25	of	of	ADP	_	26 whom	case
26	whom	whom	PRON	PronType=Rel	24 chiefs	nmod
27	we	we	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs	28 know	nsubj
28	know	know	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	26 whom	acl:relcl
29	nothing	nothing	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Neg	28 know	obj
30	,	,	PUNCT	_	36 cut	punct
31	until	until	SCONJ	_	36 cut	mark
32	with	with	ADP	_	34 axes	case
33	their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	34 axes	nmod:poss
34	axes	ax	NOUN	Number=Plur	36 cut	obl
35	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	36 cut	nsubj
36	cut	cut	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	2 saw	parataxis
37	their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	39 signs	nmod:poss
38	Runic	runic	ADJ	Degree=Pos	39 signs	amod
39	signs	sign	NOUN	Number=Plur	36 cut	obj
40	into	into	ADP	_	42 few	case
41	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	42 few	det
42	few	few	ADJ	Degree=Pos	36 cut	obl
43	of	of	ADP	_	45 stones	case
44	these	this	DET	Number=Plur PronType=Dem	45 stones	det
45	stones	stone	NOUN	Number=Plur	42 few	obl
46	,	,	PUNCT	_	49 came	punct
47	which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	49 came	nsubj
48	then	then	ADV	PronType=Dem	49 came	advmod
49	came	come	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	45 stones	acl:relcl
50	into	into	ADP	_	52 calendar	case
51	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	52 calendar	det
52	calendar	calendar	NOUN	Number=Sing	49 came	obl
53	of	of	ADP	_	54 time	case
54	time	time	NOUN	Number=Sing	52 calendar	nmod
55	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 saw	punct

Pragmatics

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	see	past	I	persons = person					tree rules
2	become	infinitive	persons = person not said here	the dwelling place of birds					vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient
3	is	present	birds		us			unknown property	tree rules
4	become	infinitive	I not said here	the seat of wild chiefs of the seat of wild chiefs of the seat			then		vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient
5	know	present	we	nothing					vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Experiencer nothing=Stimulus
6	cut	past	persons = person	persons's Runic signs				into a few result; with persons's axes	vn cut-21.1-1 «NP V NP PP.result PP.instrument»: agent=Agent sign=Patient with ax=Instrument into few=Result
7	come	past	this stones			the calendar of time	then		vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme into calendar=Initial_Location
8	sign		persons = person						nom sign «communication transitive»: poss=agent

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Text: «Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen» by H. C. Andersen, Project Gutenberg book 27200 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg27200/136/39/