Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen, The Portuguese Duck, sentence 55
If we have nothing good to tell, we close our beaks.
Who acts: we, nothing · What happens: have, tell, close · To what, where: nothing, beaks · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen» by H. C. Andersen, The Portuguese Duck. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (we, nothing), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | If | if | SCONJ | _ | 3 have | mark |
| 2 | we | we | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs | 3 have | nsubj |
| 3 | have | have | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 10 close | advcl |
| 4 | nothing | nothing | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Neg | 3 have | obj |
| 5 | good | good | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 4 nothing | amod |
| 6 | to | to | PART | _ | 7 tell | mark |
| 7 | tell | tell | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 5 good | xcomp |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 3 have | punct |
| 9 | we | we | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs | 10 close | nsubj |
| 10 | close | close | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 11 | our | our | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 12 beaks | nmod:poss |
| 12 | beaks | beak | NOUN | Number=Plur | 10 close | obj |
| 13 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 10 close | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | have a condition, not said to happen | present | we | nothing | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent nothing=Patient | ||||
| 2 | tell speech: assert | to-infinitive | nothing not said here | vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 3 | close | present | we | our beaks | vn crane-40.3.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent beak=Patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen» by H. C. Andersen, Project Gutenberg book 27200 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg27200/145/55/