Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen, The Snow Man, sentence 31
Trees and bushes were covered with hoar frost, and looked like a forest of white coral; while on every twig glittered frozen dew-drops.
What happens: cover, look, glitter, freeze · To what, where: Trees, frozen dew drops, twig
This is a sentence of «Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen» by H. C. Andersen, The Snow Man. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Trees | tree | NOUN | Number=Plur | 5 covered | nsubj:pass |
| 2 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 3 bushes | cc |
| 3 | bushes | bush | NOUN | Number=Plur | 1 Trees | conj |
| 4 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 5 covered | aux:pass |
| 5 | covered | cover | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 6 | with | with | ADP | _ | 8 frost | case |
| 7 | hoar | hoar | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 8 frost | amod |
| 8 | frost | frost | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 covered | obl |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 11 looked | punct |
| 10 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 11 looked | cc |
| 11 | looked | look | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 5 covered | parataxis |
| 12 | like | like | ADP | _ | 14 forest | case |
| 13 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 14 forest | det |
| 14 | forest | forest | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 looked | obl |
| 15 | of | of | ADP | _ | 17 coral | case |
| 16 | white | white | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 17 coral | amod |
| 17 | coral | coral | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 forest | nmod |
| 18 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 23 glittered | punct |
| 19 | while | while | SCONJ | _ | 23 glittered | mark |
| 20 | on | on | ADP | _ | 22 twig | case |
| 21 | every | every | DET | PronType=Tot | 22 twig | det |
| 22 | twig | twig | NOUN | Number=Sing | 23 glittered | obl |
| 23 | glittered | glitter | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 11 looked | conj |
| 24 | frozen | freeze | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 27 drops | amod |
| 25 | dew | dew | NOUN | Number=Sing | 27 drops | compound |
| 26 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 25 dew | punct |
| 27 | drops | drop | NOUN | Number=Plur | 23 glittered | obj |
| 28 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 5 covered | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | cover | past · passive | Trees and bushes | with hoar frost | vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP PP.theme»: subject=Destination with frost=Theme | ||||
| 2 | look | past | like a forest of white coral | vn stimulus_subject-30.4 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Stimulus | |||||
| 3 | glitter | past | frozen dew drops | every twig | vn light_emission-43.1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent drop=Theme | ||||
| 4 | freeze | participle | vn other_cos-45.4-1 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen» by H. C. Andersen, Project Gutenberg book 27200 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg27200/169/31/