Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen, The Sunbeam and the Captive, sentence 4
Behind us the wood is sharply defined; mighty trees surround us, and the yellow leaves flutter down from the branches.
Who acts: mighty trees, yellow leaves · What happens: define, surround, flutter down · To what, where: wood, us, branches
This is a sentence of «Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen» by H. C. Andersen, The Sunbeam and the Captive. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (mighty trees, yellow leaves), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Behind | behind | ADP | _ | 4 wood | case |
| 2 | us | we | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs | 1 Behind | nmod |
| 3 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 4 wood | det |
| 4 | wood | wood | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 defined | obl |
| 5 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 7 defined | aux:pass |
| 6 | sharply | sharply | ADV | _ | 7 defined | advmod |
| 7 | defined | define | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 8 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 11 surround | punct |
| 9 | mighty | mighty | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 10 trees | amod |
| 10 | trees | tree | NOUN | Number=Plur | 11 surround | nsubj |
| 11 | surround | surround | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 7 defined | parataxis |
| 12 | us | we | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs | 11 surround | obj |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 18 flutter | punct |
| 14 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 18 flutter | cc |
| 15 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 17 leaves | det |
| 16 | yellow | yellow | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 17 leaves | amod |
| 17 | leaves | leaf | NOUN | Number=Plur | 18 flutter | nsubj |
| 18 | flutter | flutter | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 11 surround | conj |
| 19 | down | down | ADP | _ | 18 flutter | compound:prt |
| 20 | from | from | ADP | _ | 22 branches | case |
| 21 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 22 branches | det |
| 22 | branches | branch | NOUN | Number=Plur | 18 flutter | obl |
| 23 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 7 defined | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | define | present · passive | the wood | sharply property | vn reflexive_appearance-48.1.2 «NP V NP» | ||||
| 2 | surround | present | mighty trees | us | vn contiguous_location-47.8 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme we=Co-Theme | ||||
| 3 | flutter down | present | the yellow leaves | the branches | vn modes_of_being_with_motion-47.3 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen» by H. C. Andersen, Project Gutenberg book 27200 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg27200/186/4/