Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen, The Tinder-box, sentence 59
One dark evening, he had not even a penny to buy a candle; then all at once he remembered that there was a piece of candle stuck in the tinder-box, which he had brought from the old tree, into which the witch had helped him.
Who acts: soldier, penny, piece, witch · What happens: have, buy, remember, be, stick, bring · To what, where: penny, candle, piece, tinder box, old tree, soldier · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen» by H. C. Andersen, The Tinder-box. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (soldier, penny, piece, witch), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | One | one | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 3 evening | nummod |
| 2 | dark | dark | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 3 evening | amod |
| 3 | evening | evening | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 had | obl:unmarked |
| 4 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 3 evening | punct |
| 5 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 6 had | nsubj |
| 6 | had | have | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 7 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 10 penny | advmod |
| 8 | even | even | ADV | _ | 10 penny | advmod |
| 9 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 10 penny | det |
| 10 | penny | penny | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 had | obj |
| 11 | to | to | PART | _ | 12 buy | mark |
| 12 | buy | buy | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 6 had | xcomp |
| 13 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 14 candle | det |
| 14 | candle | candle | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 buy | obj |
| 15 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 21 remembered | punct |
| 16 | then | then | ADV | PronType=Dem | 17 all | advmod |
| 17 | all | all | ADV | _ | 21 remembered | advmod |
| 18 | at | at | ADP | _ | 19 once | case |
| 19 | once | once | ADV | NumForm=Word NumType=Mult | 17 all | obl |
| 20 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 21 remembered | nsubj |
| 21 | remembered | remember | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 6 had | conj |
| 22 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 24 was | mark |
| 23 | there | there | PRON | PronType=Dem | 24 was | expl |
| 24 | was | be | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 21 remembered | ccomp |
| 25 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 26 piece | det |
| 26 | piece | piece | NOUN | Number=Sing | 24 was | nsubj |
| 27 | of | of | ADP | _ | 28 candle | case |
| 28 | candle | candle | NOUN | Number=Sing | 26 piece | nmod |
| 29 | stuck | stick | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 26 piece | acl |
| 30 | in | in | ADP | _ | 34 box | case |
| 31 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 34 box | det |
| 32 | tinder | tinder | NOUN | Number=Sing | 34 box | compound |
| 33 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 32 tinder | punct |
| 34 | box | box | NOUN | Number=Sing | 29 stuck | obl |
| 35 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 39 brought | punct |
| 36 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 39 brought | nsubj:pass |
| 37 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 39 brought | nsubj |
| 38 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 39 brought | aux |
| 39 | brought | bring | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 34 box | parataxis |
| 40 | from | from | ADP | _ | 43 tree | case |
| 41 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 43 tree | det |
| 42 | old | old | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 43 tree | amod |
| 43 | tree | tree | NOUN | Number=Sing | 39 brought | obl |
| 44 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 50 helped | punct |
| 45 | into | into | ADP | _ | 46 which | case |
| 46 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 50 helped | obl |
| 47 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 48 witch | det |
| 48 | witch | witch | NOUN | Number=Sing | 50 helped | nsubj |
| 49 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 50 helped | aux |
| 50 | helped | help | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 39 brought | conj |
| 51 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 50 helped | obj |
| 52 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 6 had | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | have | past | soldier | a penny | evening | tree rules | |||
| 2 | buy | to-infinitive | a penny not said here | a candle | vn accept-77.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent candle=Theme | ||||
| 3 | remember | past | soldier | all property | vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Agent clause=Theme | ||||
| 4 | be | past | a piece of candle | there | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 5 | stick | participle | a piece of candle not said here | the tinder box | vn spray-9.7-1 «NP V PP.destination»: agent=Theme in box=Destination | ||||
| 6 | bring | past · perfect · passive | the tinder box | the old tree | vn bring-11.3-1 «NP V NP PP.initial_location»: subject=Theme from tree=Initial_Location | ||||
| 7 | help | past · perfect | the witch | soldier | vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent he=Beneficiary |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen» by H. C. Andersen, Project Gutenberg book 27200 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg27200/193/59/