Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen, The Travelling Companion, part 2, sentence 16
They looked up, and discovered a large white swan hovering in the air, and singing as never bird sang before.
Who acts: towns, large white swan, bird · What happens: look up, discover, hover, sing, not sing · To what, where: large white swan, air
This is a sentence of «Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen» by H. C. Andersen, The Travelling Companion, part 2. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (towns, large white swan, bird), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | They | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 2 looked | nsubj |
| 2 | looked | look | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | up | up | ADP | _ | 2 looked | compound:prt |
| 4 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 6 discovered | punct |
| 5 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 6 discovered | cc |
| 6 | discovered | discover | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 2 looked | conj |
| 7 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 10 swan | det |
| 8 | large | large | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 10 swan | amod |
| 9 | white | white | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 10 swan | amod |
| 10 | swan | swan | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 discovered | obj |
| 11 | hovering | hover | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 10 swan | acl |
| 12 | in | in | ADP | _ | 14 air | case |
| 13 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 14 air | det |
| 14 | air | air | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 hovering | obl |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 17 singing | punct |
| 16 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 17 singing | cc |
| 17 | singing | sing | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 6 discovered | advcl |
| 18 | as | as | ADV | _ | 19 never | advmod |
| 19 | never | never | ADV | PronType=Neg | 21 sang | advmod |
| 20 | bird | bird | NOUN | Number=Sing | 21 sang | nsubj |
| 21 | sang | sing | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 17 singing | advcl |
| 22 | before | before | ADV | _ | 21 sang | advmod |
| 23 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 looked | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | look up | past | towns = town | vn stimulus_subject-30.4 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Stimulus | |||||
| 2 | discover | past | towns = town not said here | a large white swan | vn discover-84-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent swan=Topic | ||||
| 3 | hover | gerund | a large white swan not said here | the air | vn modes_of_being_with_motion-47.3 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in air=Location | ||||
| 4 | sing speech: express | gerund | towns = town not said here | vn sound_emission-43.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 5 | not sing speech: express | past | bird | before property | vn sound_emission-43.2 «NP.location V PP.theme»: agent=Location |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen» by H. C. Andersen, Project Gutenberg book 27200 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg27200/197/16/