Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen, Under the Willow-tree, part 2, sentence 27

He kept down the tears, but it was easy to see how sorrowful he was.

Who acts: Knud · What happens: keep down, be, see · To what, where: tears · Speech: someone speaks here

This is a sentence of «Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen» by H. C. Andersen, Under the Willow-tree, part 2. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Knud), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	He	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 kept	nsubj
2	kept	keep	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	down	down	ADP	_	2 kept	compound:prt
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 tears	det
5	tears	tear	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 kept	obj
6	,	,	PUNCT	_	10 easy	punct
7	but	but	CCONJ	_	10 easy	cc
8	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	10 easy	expl
9	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	10 easy	cop
10	easy	easy	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 kept	parataxis
11	to	to	PART	_	12 see	mark
12	see	see	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	10 easy	csubj
13	how	how	ADV	PronType=Int	14 sorrowful	advmod
14	sorrowful	sorrowful	ADJ	Degree=Pos	12 see	ccomp
15	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	14 sorrowful	nsubj
16	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	14 sorrowful	cop
17	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 kept	punct

Pragmatics

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	keep down	past	Knud	the tears		vn subjugate-42.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent tear=Patient
2	is	past			easy property	tree rules
3	see	to-infinitive				vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer
4	is	past	Knud		sorrowful property	tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Text: «Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen» by H. C. Andersen, Project Gutenberg book 27200 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg27200/203/27/