Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen, The Wild Swans, part 1, sentence 60

Not a bird was to be seen, not a sunbeam could penetrate through the large, dark boughs of the trees.

Who acts: sunbeam · What happens: see, not penetrate · To what, where: bird, large dark boughs

This is a sentence of «Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen» by H. C. Andersen, The Wild Swans, part 1. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (sunbeam), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	3 bird	advmod
2	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	3 bird	det
3	bird	bird	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 seen	nsubj:pass
4	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	7 seen	aux:pass
5	to	to	PART	_	7 seen	mark
6	be	be	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	7 seen	aux:pass
7	seen	see	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
8	,	,	PUNCT	_	13 penetrate	punct
9	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	13 penetrate	advmod
10	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	11 sunbeam	det
11	sunbeam	sunbeam	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 penetrate	nsubj
12	could	could	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	13 penetrate	aux
13	penetrate	penetrate	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	7 seen	conj
14	through	through	ADP	_	19 boughs	case
15	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	19 boughs	det
16	large	large	ADJ	Degree=Pos	19 boughs	amod
17	,	,	PUNCT	_	16 large	punct
18	dark	dark	ADJ	Degree=Pos	19 boughs	amod
19	boughs	bough	NOUN	Number=Plur	13 penetrate	obl
20	of	of	ADP	_	22 trees	case
21	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	22 trees	det
22	trees	tree	NOUN	Number=Plur	19 boughs	nmod
23	.	.	PUNCT	_	7 seen	punct

Pragmatics

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	see	past · passive		a bird					vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Stimulus
2	not penetrate	could	a sunbeam			the large dark boughs of the trees			vn poke-19 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Text: «Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen» by H. C. Andersen, Project Gutenberg book 27200 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg27200/208/60/