Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen, The Wild Swans, part 2, sentence 20
A great cloud floating behind them appeared like a vast mountain, and upon it Eliza saw her own shadow and those of the eleven swans, looking gigantic in size.
Who acts: great cloud, Eliza · What happens: float, appear, see, look, shadow · To what, where: own shadow
This is a sentence of «Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen» by H. C. Andersen, The Wild Swans, part 2. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (great cloud, Eliza), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | A | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 3 cloud | det |
| 2 | great | great | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 3 cloud | amod |
| 3 | cloud | cloud | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 appeared | nsubj |
| 4 | floating | float | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 3 cloud | acl |
| 5 | behind | behind | ADP | _ | 6 them | case |
| 6 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 4 floating | obl |
| 7 | appeared | appear | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 8 | like | like | ADP | _ | 11 mountain | case |
| 9 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 11 mountain | det |
| 10 | vast | vast | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 11 mountain | amod |
| 11 | mountain | mountain | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 appeared | obl |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 17 saw | punct |
| 13 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 17 saw | cc |
| 14 | upon | upon | ADP | _ | 15 it | case |
| 15 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 17 saw | obl |
| 16 | Eliza | Eliza | PROPN | Number=Sing | 17 saw | nsubj |
| 17 | saw | see | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 7 appeared | parataxis |
| 18 | her | her | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 20 shadow | nmod:poss |
| 19 | own | own | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 20 shadow | amod |
| 20 | shadow | shadow | NOUN | Number=Sing | 17 saw | obj |
| 21 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 22 those | cc |
| 22 | those | that | PRON | Number=Plur PronType=Dem | 20 shadow | nmod |
| 23 | of | of | ADP | _ | 26 swans | case |
| 24 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 26 swans | det |
| 25 | eleven | eleven | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 26 swans | nummod |
| 26 | swans | swan | NOUN | Number=Plur | 22 those | nmod |
| 27 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 28 looking | punct |
| 28 | looking | look | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 17 saw | conj |
| 29 | gigantic | gigantic | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 28 looking | xcomp |
| 30 | in | in | ADP | _ | 31 size | case |
| 31 | size | size | NOUN | Number=Sing | 29 gigantic | obl |
| 32 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 7 appeared | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | float | gerund | a great cloud not said here | behind clouds = cloud | vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme behind they=Trajectory | ||||
| 2 | appear | past | a great cloud | like a vast mountain | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 3 | see | past | Eliza | Eliza's own shadow those | upon mountain | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer shadow=Stimulus | |||
| 4 | look | gerund | Eliza not said here | gigantic property | vn stimulus_subject-30.4 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Stimulus | ||||
| 5 | shadow | Eliza | nom shadow «state transitive»: poss=agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen» by H. C. Andersen, Project Gutenberg book 27200 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg27200/209/20/