Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen, The Wild Swans, part 2, sentence 46
As they drew nearer to the churches, they also changed into a fleet of ships, which seemed to be sailing beneath her; but as she looked again, she found it was only a sea mist gliding over the ocean.
Who acts: tones, ships, Eliza, ship, sea mist · What happens: draw, change, seem, sail, look, find · To what, where: churches, fleet, sea mist, ocean · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen» by H. C. Andersen, The Wild Swans, part 2. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (tones, ships, Eliza, ship), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | As | as | SCONJ | _ | 3 drew | mark |
| 2 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 3 drew | nsubj |
| 3 | drew | draw | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 33 found | advcl |
| 4 | nearer | near | ADJ | Degree=Cmp | 3 drew | xcomp |
| 5 | to | to | ADP | _ | 7 churches | case |
| 6 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 7 churches | det |
| 7 | churches | church | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 drew | obl |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 11 changed | punct |
| 9 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 11 changed | nsubj |
| 10 | also | also | ADV | _ | 11 changed | advmod |
| 11 | changed | change | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 drew | conj |
| 12 | into | into | ADP | _ | 14 fleet | case |
| 13 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 14 fleet | det |
| 14 | fleet | fleet | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 changed | obl |
| 15 | of | of | ADP | _ | 16 ships | case |
| 16 | ships | ship | NOUN | Number=Plur | 14 fleet | nmod |
| 17 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 19 seemed | punct |
| 18 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 19 seemed | nsubj |
| 19 | seemed | seem | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 16 ships | acl:relcl |
| 20 | to | to | PART | _ | 22 sailing | mark |
| 21 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 22 sailing | aux |
| 22 | sailing | sail | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 19 seemed | xcomp |
| 23 | beneath | beneath | ADP | _ | 24 her | case |
| 24 | her | she | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 22 sailing | obl |
| 25 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 33 found | punct |
| 26 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 33 found | cc |
| 27 | as | as | SCONJ | _ | 29 looked | mark |
| 28 | she | she | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 29 looked | nsubj |
| 29 | looked | look | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 33 found | advcl |
| 30 | again | again | ADV | _ | 29 looked | advmod |
| 31 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 29 looked | punct |
| 32 | she | she | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 33 found | nsubj |
| 33 | found | find | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 34 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 39 mist | nsubj |
| 35 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 39 mist | cop |
| 36 | only | only | ADV | _ | 39 mist | advmod |
| 37 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 39 mist | det |
| 38 | sea | sea | NOUN | Number=Sing | 39 mist | compound |
| 39 | mist | mist | NOUN | Number=Sing | 33 found | ccomp |
| 40 | gliding | glide | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 39 mist | acl |
| 41 | over | over | ADP | _ | 43 ocean | case |
| 42 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 43 ocean | det |
| 43 | ocean | ocean | NOUN | Number=Sing | 40 gliding | obl |
| 44 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 33 found | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | draw | past | tones = tone | the churches | near property | vn carry-11.4 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent to church=Destination | |||
| 2 | change | past | tones = tone | into a fleet of ships result | vn turn-26.6.1-1 «NP.patient V PP.result»: agent=Patient into fleet=Result | ||||
| 3 | seem | past | ships | vn seem-109-1-1-1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Theme clause=Attribute | |||||
| 4 | sail | to-infinitive · progressive | ships not said here | beneath Eliza | vn nonvehicle-51.4.2-1 «NP.agent V»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 5 | look | past | Eliza | again | vn stimulus_subject-30.4 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Stimulus | ||||
| 6 | find | past | Eliza | vn declare-29.4-1-1 «NP V what S_INF»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 7 | is a | past | ship | a sea mist | tree rules | ||||
| 8 | glide | gerund | a sea mist not said here | the ocean | vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme over ocean=Trajectory |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen» by H. C. Andersen, Project Gutenberg book 27200 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg27200/209/46/