Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen, The Story of the Year, sentence 147

The ice glittered, the snow crackled, the skaters skimmed over the polished surface of the lakes; ravens and crows formed a pleasing contrast to the white ground, and not a breath of wind stirred, and in the still air old Winter clenched his fists, and the ice lay fathoms deep between the lands.

Who acts: ice, snow, skaters, ravens, Winter · What happens: glitter, crackle, skim, polish, form, stir · To what, where: polished surface, pleasing contrast, white ground, wind, fists, fathoms

This is a sentence of «Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen» by H. C. Andersen, The Story of the Year. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (ice, snow, skaters, ravens), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 ice	det
2	ice	ice	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 glittered	nsubj
3	glittered	glitter	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	7 crackled	punct
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 snow	det
6	snow	snow	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 crackled	nsubj
7	crackled	crackle	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	3 glittered	conj
8	,	,	PUNCT	_	11 skimmed	punct
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 skaters	det
10	skaters	skater	NOUN	Number=Plur	11 skimmed	nsubj
11	skimmed	skim	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	3 glittered	conj
12	over	over	ADP	_	15 surface	case
13	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	15 surface	det
14	polished	polish	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	15 surface	amod
15	surface	surface	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 skimmed	obl
16	of	of	ADP	_	18 lakes	case
17	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	18 lakes	det
18	lakes	lake	NOUN	Number=Plur	15 surface	nmod
19	;	;	PUNCT	_	23 formed	punct
20	ravens	raven	NOUN	Number=Plur	23 formed	nsubj
21	and	and	CCONJ	_	22 crows	cc
22	crows	crow	NOUN	Number=Plur	20 ravens	conj
23	formed	form	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	3 glittered	parataxis
24	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	26 contrast	det
25	pleasing	pleasing	ADJ	Degree=Pos	26 contrast	amod
26	contrast	contrast	NOUN	Number=Sing	23 formed	obj
27	to	to	ADP	_	30 ground	case
28	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	30 ground	det
29	white	white	ADJ	Degree=Pos	30 ground	amod
30	ground	ground	NOUN	Number=Sing	23 formed	obl
31	,	,	PUNCT	_	35 breath	punct
32	and	and	CCONJ	_	35 breath	cc
33	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	35 breath	advmod
34	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	35 breath	det
35	breath	breath	NOUN	Number=Sing	23 formed	obl
36	of	of	ADP	_	37 wind	case
37	wind	wind	NOUN	Number=Sing	35 breath	nmod
38	stirred	stir	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	37 wind	acl
39	,	,	PUNCT	_	47 clenched	punct
40	and	and	CCONJ	_	47 clenched	cc
41	in	in	ADP	_	44 air	case
42	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	44 air	det
43	still	still	ADV	_	44 air	advmod
44	air	air	NOUN	Number=Sing	47 clenched	obl
45	old	old	ADJ	Degree=Pos	44 air	amod
46	Winter	Winter	PROPN	Number=Sing	47 clenched	nsubj
47	clenched	clench	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	23 formed	conj
48	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	49 fists	nmod:poss
49	fists	fist	NOUN	Number=Plur	47 clenched	obj
50	,	,	PUNCT	_	54 lay	punct
51	and	and	CCONJ	_	54 lay	cc
52	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	53 ice	det
53	ice	ice	NOUN	Number=Sing	54 lay	nsubj
54	lay	lie	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	3 glittered	parataxis
55	fathoms	fathom	NOUN	Number=Plur	54 lay	obj
56	deep	deep	ADV	_	54 lay	advmod
57	between	between	ADP	_	59 lands	case
58	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	59 lands	det
59	lands	land	NOUN	Number=Plur	54 lay	obl
60	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 glittered	punct

Pragmatics

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	other	roles by
1	glitter	past	the ice					vn light_emission-43.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	crackle	past	the snow					vn sound_emission-43.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme
3	skim	past	the skaters			the polished surface of the lakes		vn wipe_manner-10.4.1 «NP V NP.source»: agent=Agent
4	polish	participle						vn butter-9.9 «NP V NP.destination»: agent=Agent
5	form	past	ravens and crows	a pleasing contrast	the white ground		a breath of wind obl	vn reflexive_appearance-48.1.2 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: agent=Agent contrast=Theme to ground=Recipient
6	stir	participle		wind not said here				vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer
7	clench	past	Winter	ice's fists			in the air	vn crane-40.3.2 «NP V NP PP.recipient PP.theme»: agent=Agent fist=Patient in air=Topic
8	lie	past	the ice	fathoms			between the lands; deep property	vn spatial_configuration-47.6 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location fathom=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Text: «Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen» by H. C. Andersen, Project Gutenberg book 27200 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg27200/214/147/