Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen, The Story of the Year, sentence 83
A gentle rain fell upon them from the sky, but they did not notice it, for the rain-drops were their own tears of joy.
Who acts: gentle rain, violets, rain drops · What happens: fall, not notice, be · To what, where: sky, rain
This is a sentence of «Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen» by H. C. Andersen, The Story of the Year. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (gentle rain, violets, rain drops), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | A | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 3 rain | det |
| 2 | gentle | gentle | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 3 rain | amod |
| 3 | rain | rain | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 fell | nsubj |
| 4 | fell | fall | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 5 | upon | upon | ADP | _ | 6 them | case |
| 6 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 4 fell | obl |
| 7 | from | from | ADP | _ | 9 sky | case |
| 8 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 9 sky | det |
| 9 | sky | sky | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 fell | obl |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 15 notice | punct |
| 11 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 15 notice | cc |
| 12 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 15 notice | nsubj |
| 13 | did | do | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 15 notice | aux |
| 14 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 15 notice | advmod |
| 15 | notice | notice | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 4 fell | conj |
| 16 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 15 notice | obj |
| 17 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 26 tears | punct |
| 18 | for | for | ADP | _ | 26 tears | case |
| 19 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 22 drops | det |
| 20 | rain | rain | NOUN | Number=Sing | 22 drops | compound |
| 21 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 20 rain | punct |
| 22 | drops | drop | NOUN | Number=Plur | 26 tears | nsubj |
| 23 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 26 tears | cop |
| 24 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 26 tears | nmod:poss |
| 25 | own | own | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 26 tears | amod |
| 26 | tears | tear | NOUN | Number=Plur | 15 notice | obl |
| 27 | of | of | ADP | _ | 28 joy | case |
| 28 | joy | joy | NOUN | Number=Sing | 26 tears | nmod |
| 29 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 fell | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | fall | past | a gentle rain | the sky | upon violets = violet | vn occur-48.3 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme upon they=Location | |||
| 2 | not notice | past · do-support | violets = violet | rain | vn see-30.1-1 «NP V S»: agent=Experiencer it=Stimulus | ||||
| 3 | is | past | the rain drops | for violets's own tears; of joy | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen» by H. C. Andersen, Project Gutenberg book 27200 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg27200/214/83/