Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen, The Dryad, part 3, sentence 118

Thus the fishes gossipped in their own way; but in the artificial water-grotto the laborers were busy; who were obliged to take advantage of the hours of night to get their work done by daybreak.

Who acts: fishes, work · What happens: gossipp, be, oblige, take, get, do · To what, where: fishes, own way, artificial water grotto, advantage, work

This is a sentence of «Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen» by H. C. Andersen, The Dryad, part 3. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (fishes, work), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Thus	thus	ADV	_	3 fishes	advmod
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 fishes	det
3	fishes	fish	NOUN	Number=Plur	20 busy	nsubj
4	gossipped	gossipp	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	3 fishes	acl
5	in	in	ADP	_	8 way	case
6	their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	8 way	nmod:poss
7	own	own	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 way	amod
8	way	way	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 gossipped	obl
9	;	;	PUNCT	_	20 busy	punct
10	but	but	CCONJ	_	20 busy	cc
11	in	in	ADP	_	16 grotto	case
12	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	16 grotto	det
13	artificial	artificial	ADJ	Degree=Pos	16 grotto	amod
14	water	water	NOUN	Number=Sing	16 grotto	compound
15	-	-	PUNCT	_	14 water	punct
16	grotto	grotto	NOUN	Number=Sing	20 busy	obl
17	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	18 laborers	det
18	laborers	laborer	NOUN	Number=Plur	20 busy	nsubj
19	were	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	20 busy	cop
20	busy	busy	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
21	;	;	PUNCT	_	24 obliged	punct
22	who	who	PRON	PronType=Rel	24 obliged	nsubj
23	were	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	24 obliged	aux:pass
24	obliged	oblige	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	20 busy	conj
25	to	to	PART	_	26 take	mark
26	take	take	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	24 obliged	xcomp
27	advantage	advantage	NOUN	Number=Sing	26 take	obj
28	of	of	ADP	_	30 hours	case
29	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	30 hours	det
30	hours	hour	NOUN	Number=Plur	26 take	obl
31	of	of	ADP	_	32 night	case
32	night	night	NOUN	Number=Sing	30 hours	nmod
33	to	to	PART	_	34 get	mark
34	get	get	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	26 take	advcl
35	their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	36 work	nmod:poss
36	work	work	NOUN	Number=Sing	34 get	obj
37	done	do	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	34 get	xcomp
38	by	by	ADP	_	39 daybreak	case
39	daybreak	daybreak	NOUN	Number=Sing	37 done	obl
40	.	.	PUNCT	_	20 busy	punct

Pragmatics

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	gossipp	participle		the fishes not said here	fishes's own way			tree rules
2	is	past	the fishes		the artificial water grotto		busy property	tree rules
3	oblige	past · passive						vn compel-59.1-1 «NP V NP S_INF»: subject=Patient clause=Result
4	take	to-infinitive		advantage		hour		vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent advantage=Theme
5	get	to-infinitive		fishes's work				tree rules
6	do	participle	fishes's work not said here				by daybreak	vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
7	work		fishes = fish					nom work «act intransitive»: poss=agent

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Text: «Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen» by H. C. Andersen, Project Gutenberg book 27200 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg27200/26/118/