Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen, The Fir Tree, sentence 139
Now life is beginning again," said the tree, rejoicing in the sunshine and fresh air.
Who acts: life · What happens: begin, say, rejoice · To what, where: tree, sunshine · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen» by H. C. Andersen, The Fir Tree. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (life), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Now | now | ADV | PronType=Dem | 4 beginning | advmod |
| 2 | life | life | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 beginning | nsubj |
| 3 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 4 beginning | aux |
| 4 | beginning | begin | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 8 said | advcl |
| 5 | again | again | ADV | _ | 4 beginning | advmod |
| 6 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 4 beginning | punct |
| 7 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 4 beginning | punct |
| 8 | said | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 9 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 10 tree | det |
| 10 | tree | tree | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 said | obj |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 12 rejoicing | punct |
| 12 | rejoicing | rejoice | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 8 said | advcl |
| 13 | in | in | ADP | _ | 15 sunshine | case |
| 14 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 15 sunshine | det |
| 15 | sunshine | sunshine | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 rejoicing | obl |
| 16 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 18 air | cc |
| 17 | fresh | fresh | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 18 air | amod |
| 18 | air | air | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 sunshine | conj |
| 19 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 8 said | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | begin | present · progressive | life | now; again | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality | ||||
| 2 | say speech: assert in a quote | past | the tree | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent tree=Topic | |||||
| 3 | rejoice in a quote | gerund | the sunshine and fresh air | vn marvel-31.3 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen» by H. C. Andersen, Project Gutenberg book 27200 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg27200/33/139/