Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen, The Girl Who Trod on the Loaf, sentence 94

In the course of the winter the bird had in this way collected many crumbs and given them to other birds, till they equalled the weight of the loaf on which Inge had trod to keep her shoes clean; and when the last bread-crumb had been found and given, the gray wings of the bird became white, and spread themselves out for flight.

Who acts: bird, crumbs, Inge, gray wings · What happens: have, collect, give, equall, tread, keep · To what, where: winter, way, many crumbs, course, crumbs, other birds

This is a sentence of «Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen» by H. C. Andersen, The Girl Who Trod on the Loaf. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (bird, crumbs, Inge, gray wings), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	In	in	ADP	_	3 course	case
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 course	det
3	course	course	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 collected	obl
4	of	of	ADP	_	6 winter	case
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 winter	det
6	winter	winter	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 course	nmod
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 bird	det
8	bird	bird	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 had	nsubj
9	had	have	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	6 winter	acl:relcl
10	in	in	ADP	_	12 way	case
11	this	this	DET	Number=Sing PronType=Dem	12 way	det
12	way	way	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 had	obl
13	collected	collect	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
14	many	many	ADJ	Degree=Pos	15 crumbs	amod
15	crumbs	crumb	NOUN	Number=Plur	13 collected	obj
16	and	and	CCONJ	_	17 given	cc
17	given	give	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	15 crumbs	conj
18	them	they	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	17 given	obj
19	to	to	ADP	_	21 birds	case
20	other	other	ADJ	Degree=Pos	21 birds	amod
21	birds	bird	NOUN	Number=Plur	17 given	obl
22	,	,	PUNCT	_	25 equalled	punct
23	till	till	SCONJ	_	25 equalled	mark
24	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	25 equalled	nsubj
25	equalled	equall	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	13 collected	conj
26	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	27 weight	det
27	weight	weight	NOUN	Number=Sing	25 equalled	obj
28	of	of	ADP	_	30 loaf	case
29	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	30 loaf	det
30	loaf	loaf	NOUN	Number=Sing	27 weight	nmod
31	on	on	ADP	_	32 which	case
32	which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	35 trod	obl
33	Inge	Inge	PROPN	Number=Sing	35 trod	nsubj
34	had	have	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	35 trod	aux
35	trod	tread	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part	30 loaf	acl:relcl
36	to	to	PART	_	37 keep	mark
37	keep	keep	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	35 trod	advcl
38	her	her	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	39 shoes	nmod:poss
39	shoes	shoe	NOUN	Number=Plur	37 keep	obj
40	clean	clean	ADJ	Degree=Pos	37 keep	xcomp
41	;	;	PUNCT	_	51 found	punct
42	and	and	CCONJ	_	51 found	cc
43	when	when	SCONJ	_	51 found	mark
44	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	48 crumb	det
45	last	last	ADJ	Degree=Pos	48 crumb	amod
46	bread	bread	NOUN	Number=Sing	48 crumb	compound
47	-	-	PUNCT	_	46 bread	punct
48	crumb	crumb	NOUN	Number=Sing	51 found	nsubj:pass
49	had	have	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	51 found	aux
50	been	be	AUX	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part	51 found	aux:pass
51	found	find	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	13 collected	parataxis
52	and	and	CCONJ	_	53 given	cc
53	given	give	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	51 found	conj
54	,	,	PUNCT	_	57 wings	punct
55	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	57 wings	det
56	gray	gray	ADJ	Degree=Pos	57 wings	amod
57	wings	wing	NOUN	Number=Plur	61 became	nsubj
58	of	of	ADP	_	60 bird	case
59	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	60 bird	det
60	bird	bird	NOUN	Number=Sing	57 wings	nmod
61	became	become	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	13 collected	parataxis
62	white	white	ADJ	Degree=Pos	61 became	xcomp
63	,	,	PUNCT	_	65 spread	punct
64	and	and	CCONJ	_	65 spread	cc
65	spread	spread	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	13 collected	conj
66	themselves	themselves	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes	65 spread	obj
67	out	out	ADP	_	65 spread	compound:prt
68	for	for	ADP	_	69 flight	case
69	flight	flight	NOUN	Number=Sing	65 spread	obl
70	.	.	PUNCT	_	13 collected	punct

Pragmatics

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	other	roles by
1	have	past	the bird	the winter not said here		this way		vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent winter=Patient
2	collect	past		many crumbs		the course of the winter		vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent crumb=Theme
3	give	participle		crumbs = crumb	other birds			vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: agent=Agent they=Theme to bird=Recipient
4	equall	past	crumbs = crumb	the weight of the loaf				tree rules
5	tread	past · perfect	Inge			the loaf		vn run-51.3.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme on which=Trajectory
6	keep	to-infinitive	Inge not said here	hand's shoes			clean property	vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent shoe=Theme
7	find	past · perfect · passive		the last bread crumb				vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: subject=Topic
8	give	participle						vn break_down-45.8 «NP V»: agent=Patient
9	become	past	the gray wings of the bird				white property	vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient
10	spread out	past		crumbs = crumb			for flight	vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location themselves=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Text: «Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen» by H. C. Andersen, Project Gutenberg book 27200 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg27200/37/94/