Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen, I. Little Rudy, sentence 8

Over the lofty summits of these mountains the clouds often hang like a dark veil; while beneath in the valley, where many brown, wooden houses are scattered about, the bright rays of the sun may be shining upon a little brilliant patch of green, making it appear almost transparent.

Who acts: clouds, valley, it · What happens: hang, scatter, shine, make, appear, ray · To what, where: lofty summits, many brown wooden houses, little brilliant patch, sun

This is a sentence of «Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen» by H. C. Andersen, I. Little Rudy. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (clouds, valley, it), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Over	over	ADP	_	4 summits	case
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 summits	det
3	lofty	lofty	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 summits	amod
4	summits	summit	NOUN	Number=Plur	11 hang	obl
5	of	of	ADP	_	7 mountains	case
6	these	this	DET	Number=Plur PronType=Dem	7 mountains	det
7	mountains	mountain	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 summits	nmod
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 clouds	det
9	clouds	cloud	NOUN	Number=Plur	11 hang	nsubj
10	often	often	ADV	_	11 hang	advmod
11	hang	hang	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
12	like	like	ADP	_	15 veil	case
13	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	15 veil	det
14	dark	dark	ADJ	Degree=Pos	15 veil	amod
15	veil	veil	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 hang	obl
16	;	;	PUNCT	_	21 valley	punct
17	while	while	SCONJ	_	18 beneath	mark
18	beneath	beneath	ADV	_	21 valley	advcl
19	in	in	ADP	_	21 valley	case
20	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	21 valley	det
21	valley	valley	NOUN	Number=Sing	41 shining	nsubj
22	,	,	PUNCT	_	30 scattered	punct
23	where	where	ADV	PronType=Rel	30 scattered	advmod
24	many	many	ADJ	Degree=Pos	28 houses	amod
25	brown	brown	ADJ	Degree=Pos	28 houses	amod
26	,	,	PUNCT	_	25 brown	punct
27	wooden	wooden	ADJ	Degree=Pos	28 houses	amod
28	houses	house	NOUN	Number=Plur	30 scattered	nsubj:pass
29	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	30 scattered	aux:pass
30	scattered	scatter	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	21 valley	conj
31	about	about	ADV	_	30 scattered	advmod
32	,	,	PUNCT	_	35 rays	punct
33	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	35 rays	det
34	bright	bright	ADJ	Degree=Pos	35 rays	amod
35	rays	ray	NOUN	Number=Plur	30 scattered	obl
36	of	of	ADP	_	38 sun	case
37	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	38 sun	det
38	sun	sun	NOUN	Number=Sing	35 rays	nmod
39	may	may	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	41 shining	aux
40	be	be	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	41 shining	aux
41	shining	shine	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	11 hang	advcl
42	upon	upon	ADP	_	46 patch	case
43	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	46 patch	det
44	little	little	ADJ	Degree=Pos	46 patch	amod
45	brilliant	brilliant	ADJ	Degree=Pos	46 patch	amod
46	patch	patch	NOUN	Number=Sing	41 shining	obl
47	of	of	ADP	_	48 green	case
48	green	green	ADJ	Degree=Pos	46 patch	nmod
49	,	,	PUNCT	_	50 making	punct
50	making	make	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	41 shining	conj
51	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	52 appear	nsubj
52	appear	appear	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	50 making	conj
53	almost	almost	ADV	_	54 transparent	advmod
54	transparent	transparent	ADJ	Degree=Pos	52 appear	xcomp
55	.	.	PUNCT	_	11 hang	punct

Pragmatics

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	hang	present	the clouds		the lofty summits of this mountains	like a dark veil; often property	vn assuming_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent over summit=Location
2	scatter	present · passive		many brown wooden houses		the bright rays of the sun obl; about property	vn spray-9.7-1 «NP V NP.theme»: subject=Theme
3	shine	may · progressive	the valley		a little brilliant patch of green		vn light_emission-43.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme upon patch=Location
4	make	gerund	the valley not said here				vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset
5	appear	present	it			transparent property	vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
6	ray			the sun			nom ray «phenomenon transitive»: of=patient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Text: «Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen» by H. C. Andersen, Project Gutenberg book 27200 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg27200/52/8/