Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen, VI. the Visit to the Mill, sentence 17

But now he was more inclined to hear Rudy's adventures while hunting and travelling, and to listen to his descriptions of the difficulties the chamois-hunter has to overcome on the mountain-tops, or of the dangerous snow-drifts which the wind and weather cause to cling to the edges of the rocks, or to lie in the form of a frail bridge over the abyss beneath.

Who acts: Rudy, chamois hunter, wind, dangerous snow drifts · What happens: be, hear, hunt, travel, listen, have · To what, where: adventures, mountain tops, dangerous snow drifts, form, difficulties, frail bridge

This is a sentence of «Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen» by H. C. Andersen, VI. the Visit to the Mill. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Rudy, chamois hunter, wind, dangerous snow drifts), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	But	but	CCONJ	_	6 inclined	cc
2	now	now	ADV	PronType=Dem	6 inclined	advmod
3	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	6 inclined	nsubj
4	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	6 inclined	cop
5	more	more	ADV	Degree=Cmp	6 inclined	advmod
6	inclined	inclined	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
7	to	to	PART	_	8 hear	mark
8	hear	hear	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	6 inclined	xcomp
9	Rudy	Rudy	PROPN	Number=Sing	11 adventures	nmod:poss
10	's	's	PART	_	9 Rudy	case
11	adventures	adventure	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 hear	obj
12	while	while	SCONJ	_	13 hunting	mark
13	hunting	hunt	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	8 hear	advcl
14	and	and	CCONJ	_	15 travelling	cc
15	travelling	travel	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	13 hunting	conj
16	,	,	PUNCT	_	19 listen	punct
17	and	and	CCONJ	_	19 listen	cc
18	to	to	PART	_	19 listen	mark
19	listen	listen	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	6 inclined	conj
20	to	to	ADP	_	22 descriptions	case
21	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	22 descriptions	nmod:poss
22	descriptions	description	NOUN	Number=Plur	19 listen	obl
23	of	of	ADP	_	25 difficulties	case
24	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	25 difficulties	det
25	difficulties	difficulty	NOUN	Number=Plur	22 descriptions	nmod
26	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	29 hunter	det
27	chamois	chamois	NOUN	Number=Sing	29 hunter	compound
28	-	-	PUNCT	_	27 chamois	punct
29	hunter	hunter	NOUN	Number=Sing	30 has	nsubj
30	has	have	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	25 difficulties	parataxis
31	to	to	PART	_	32 overcome	mark
32	overcome	overcome	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	30 has	xcomp
33	on	on	ADP	_	37 tops	case
34	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	37 tops	det
35	mountain	mountain	NOUN	Number=Sing	37 tops	compound
36	-	-	PUNCT	_	35 mountain	punct
37	tops	top	NOUN	Number=Plur	32 overcome	obl
38	,	,	PUNCT	_	45 drifts	punct
39	or	or	CCONJ	_	45 drifts	cc
40	of	of	ADP	_	45 drifts	case
41	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	45 drifts	det
42	dangerous	dangerous	ADJ	Degree=Pos	45 drifts	amod
43	snow	snow	NOUN	Number=Sing	45 drifts	compound
44	-	-	PUNCT	_	43 snow	punct
45	drifts	drift	NOUN	Number=Plur	32 overcome	obl
46	which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	51 cause	obj
47	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	48 wind	det
48	wind	wind	NOUN	Number=Sing	51 cause	nsubj
49	and	and	CCONJ	_	50 weather	cc
50	weather	weather	NOUN	Number=Sing	48 wind	conj
51	cause	cause	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	45 drifts	acl:relcl
52	to	to	PART	_	53 cling	mark
53	cling	cling	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	51 cause	xcomp
54	to	to	ADP	_	56 edges	case
55	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	56 edges	det
56	edges	edge	NOUN	Number=Plur	53 cling	obl
57	of	of	ADP	_	59 rocks	case
58	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	59 rocks	det
59	rocks	rock	NOUN	Number=Plur	56 edges	nmod
60	,	,	PUNCT	_	63 lie	punct
61	or	or	CCONJ	_	63 lie	cc
62	to	to	PART	_	63 lie	mark
63	lie	lie	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	53 cling	conj
64	in	in	ADP	_	66 form	case
65	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	66 form	det
66	form	form	NOUN	Number=Sing	63 lie	obl
67	of	of	ADP	_	70 bridge	case
68	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	70 bridge	det
69	frail	frail	ADJ	Degree=Pos	70 bridge	amod
70	bridge	bridge	NOUN	Number=Sing	66 form	nmod
71	over	over	ADP	_	73 abyss	case
72	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	73 abyss	det
73	abyss	abyss	NOUN	Number=Sing	63 lie	obl
74	beneath	beneath	ADV	_	63 lie	advmod
75	.	.	PUNCT	_	6 inclined	punct

Pragmatics

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	past	Rudy			now	inclined property	tree rules
2	hear	to-infinitive	Rudy not said here	Rudy's adventures				vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V S»: agent=Experiencer adventure=Stimulus
3	hunt	gerund	Rudy not said here					vn hunt-35.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
4	travel	gerund	Rudy not said here					vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
5	listen	to-infinitive	Rudy not said here				to Rudy's descriptions of the difficulties	vn peer-30.3 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent to description=Theme
6	have	present	the chamois hunter					tree rules
7	overcome	to-infinitive	the chamois hunter not said here		the mountain tops		of the dangerous snow drifts	vn exceed-90 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot
8	cause	present	the wind and weather	the dangerous snow drifts				tree rules
9	cling	to-infinitive	the dangerous snow drifts not said here				to the edges of the rocks	vn cling-22.5 «NP V PP.co-theme»: agent=Theme to edge=Co-Theme
10	lie	to-infinitive	the dangerous snow drifts not said here		the form of a frail bridge		over the abyss; beneath property	vn assuming_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent in form=Location
11	adventure		Rudy					nom adventure «act transitive»: poss=agent
12	describe		Rudy	the difficulties				nom description «communication transitive»: poss=agent of=patient
13	form			a frail bridge				nom form «communication transitive»: of=patient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Text: «Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen» by H. C. Andersen, Project Gutenberg book 27200 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg27200/57/17/