Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen, XII. Evil Powers, sentence 61

Upon one of these Vertigo sat, lurking after his powerless prey, and from beneath came a sound as if a piece of rock had fallen from the cleft, and was crushing everything that stood in its way or opposed its course.

Who acts: Vertigo, piece, way · What happens: sit, lurk, come, fall, crush, stand · To what, where: sound, beneath, cleft, everything, way, course

This is a sentence of «Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen» by H. C. Andersen, XII. Evil Powers. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Vertigo, piece, way), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Upon	upon	ADP	_	2 one	case
2	one	one	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	6 sat	obl
3	of	of	ADP	_	4 these	case
4	these	this	PRON	Number=Plur PronType=Dem	2 one	nmod
5	Vertigo	Vertigo	PROPN	Number=Sing	6 sat	nsubj
6	sat	sit	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
7	,	,	PUNCT	_	8 lurking	punct
8	lurking	lurk	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	6 sat	advcl
9	after	after	ADP	_	12 prey	case
10	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	12 prey	nmod:poss
11	powerless	powerless	ADJ	Degree=Pos	12 prey	amod
12	prey	prey	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 lurking	obl
13	,	,	PUNCT	_	17 came	punct
14	and	and	CCONJ	_	17 came	cc
15	from	from	ADP	_	16 beneath	case
16	beneath	beneath	NOUN	Number=Sing	17 came	obl
17	came	come	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	6 sat	conj
18	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	19 sound	det
19	sound	sound	NOUN	Number=Sing	17 came	obj
20	as	as	SCONJ	_	27 fallen	mark
21	if	if	SCONJ	_	27 fallen	mark
22	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	23 piece	det
23	piece	piece	NOUN	Number=Sing	27 fallen	nsubj
24	of	of	ADP	_	25 rock	case
25	rock	rock	NOUN	Number=Sing	23 piece	nmod
26	had	have	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	27 fallen	aux
27	fallen	fall	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part	17 came	advcl
28	from	from	ADP	_	30 cleft	case
29	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	30 cleft	det
30	cleft	cleft	NOUN	Number=Sing	27 fallen	obl
31	,	,	PUNCT	_	34 crushing	punct
32	and	and	CCONJ	_	34 crushing	cc
33	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	34 crushing	aux
34	crushing	crush	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	6 sat	advcl
35	everything	everything	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Tot	34 crushing	obj
36	that	that	PRON	PronType=Rel	37 stood	nsubj
37	stood	stand	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	35 everything	acl:relcl
38	in	in	ADP	_	40 way	case
39	its	its	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	40 way	nmod:poss
40	way	way	NOUN	Number=Sing	37 stood	obl
41	or	or	CCONJ	_	42 opposed	cc
42	opposed	oppose	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	40 way	acl
43	its	its	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	44 course	nmod:poss
44	course	course	NOUN	Number=Sing	42 opposed	obj
45	.	.	PUNCT	_	6 sat	punct

Pragmatics

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	sit	past	Vertigo				upon one of these	vn assuming_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent upon one=Location
2	lurk	gerund	Vertigo not said here			after Vertigo's powerless prey		vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
3	come	past	Vertigo not said here	a sound	beneath			vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location sound=Theme
4	fall	past · perfect	a piece of rock		the cleft			vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme from cleft=Initial_Location
5	crush	past · progressive	Vertigo not said here	everything				vn carve-21.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent everything=Patient
6	stand	past			piece's way			vn assuming_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent in way=Location
7	oppose	participle	piece's way not said here	piece's course				vn amalgamate-22.2-3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent course=Patient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Text: «Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen» by H. C. Andersen, Project Gutenberg book 27200 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.

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