Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen, Little Ida's Flowers, sentence 98
This was very amusing, and Ida could not help laughing.
Who acts: This, Ida · What happens: be, not help, laugh
This is a sentence of «Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen» by H. C. Andersen, Little Ida's Flowers. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (This, Ida), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | This | this | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 4 amusing | nsubj |
| 2 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 amusing | cop |
| 3 | very | very | ADV | _ | 4 amusing | advmod |
| 4 | amusing | amusing | ADJ | Degree=Pos | root | root |
| 5 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 10 help | punct |
| 6 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 10 help | cc |
| 7 | Ida | Ida | PROPN | Number=Sing | 10 help | nsubj |
| 8 | could | could | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 10 help | aux |
| 9 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 10 help | advmod |
| 10 | help | help | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 4 amusing | conj |
| 11 | laughing | laugh | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 10 help | xcomp |
| 12 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 amusing | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is | past | This | amusing property | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | not help | could | Ida | vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V NP S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Theme | |||||
| 3 | laugh not said to happen | gerund | Ida not said here | vn nonverbal_expression-40.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen» by H. C. Andersen, Project Gutenberg book 27200 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg27200/73/98/