Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen, Little Tiny or Thumbelina, sentence 101

In autumn, all the swallows fly away into warm countries, but if one happens to linger, the cold seizes it, it becomes frozen, and falls down as if dead; it remains where it fell, and the cold snow covers it.

Who acts: swallows, one, cold, cold snow · What happens: fly away, happen, linger, seize, become, freeze · To what, where: warm countries, country, cold

This is a sentence of «Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen» by H. C. Andersen, Little Tiny or Thumbelina. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (swallows, one, cold, cold snow), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	In	in	ADP	_	2 autumn	case
2	autumn	autumn	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 fly	obl
3	,	,	PUNCT	_	2 autumn	punct
4	all	all	DET	PronType=Tot	6 swallows	det:predet
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 swallows	det
6	swallows	swallow	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 fly	nsubj
7	fly	fly	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
8	away	away	ADV	_	7 fly	advmod
9	into	into	ADP	_	11 countries	case
10	warm	warm	ADJ	Degree=Pos	11 countries	amod
11	countries	country	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 fly	obl
12	,	,	PUNCT	_	22 seizes	punct
13	but	but	CCONJ	_	22 seizes	cc
14	if	if	SCONJ	_	16 happens	mark
15	one	one	PRON	Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	16 happens	nsubj
16	happens	happen	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	22 seizes	advcl
17	to	to	PART	_	18 linger	mark
18	linger	linger	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	16 happens	xcomp
19	,	,	PUNCT	_	16 happens	punct
20	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	21 cold	det
21	cold	cold	NOUN	Number=Sing	22 seizes	nsubj
22	seizes	seize	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	7 fly	parataxis
23	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	22 seizes	obj
24	,	,	PUNCT	_	26 becomes	punct
25	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	26 becomes	nsubj
26	becomes	become	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	22 seizes	conj
27	frozen	freeze	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	26 becomes	xcomp
28	,	,	PUNCT	_	30 falls	punct
29	and	and	CCONJ	_	30 falls	cc
30	falls	fall	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	26 becomes	conj
31	down	down	ADP	_	30 falls	compound:prt
32	as	as	ADP	_	34 dead	case
33	if	if	SCONJ	_	34 dead	mark
34	dead	dead	ADJ	Degree=Pos	30 falls	obl
35	;	;	PUNCT	_	37 remains	punct
36	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	37 remains	nsubj
37	remains	remain	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	7 fly	parataxis
38	where	where	ADV	PronType=Rel	40 fell	advmod
39	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	40 fell	nsubj
40	fell	fall	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	37 remains	ccomp
41	,	,	PUNCT	_	46 covers	punct
42	and	and	CCONJ	_	46 covers	cc
43	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	45 snow	det
44	cold	cold	ADJ	Degree=Pos	45 snow	amod
45	snow	snow	NOUN	Number=Sing	46 covers	nsubj
46	covers	cover	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	37 remains	conj
47	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	46 covers	obj
48	.	.	PUNCT	_	7 fly	punct

Pragmatics

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	when	other	roles by
1	fly away	present	all swallows		autumn	into warm countries result; away property	vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.result»: agent=Theme into country=Result
2	happen a condition, not said to happen	present	one				tree rules
3	linger	to-infinitive	one not said here				vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
4	seize	present	the cold	country			vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Theme
5	become	present	cold				tree rules
6	freeze	participle	cold not said here				vn other_cos-45.4-1 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient
7	fall down	present	cold not said here			as dead	vn occur-48.3 «NP V»: agent=Theme
8	remain	present	cold				tree rules
9	fall	past	cold				vn occur-48.3 «NP V»: agent=Theme
10	cover	present	the cold snow	cold			vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme it=Destination

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Text: «Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen» by H. C. Andersen, Project Gutenberg book 27200 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg27200/79/101/