Just so stories, How the Alphabet Was Made, sentence 234
‘And shi-las means that your spear is broken.
Who acts: shi las · What happens: mean, break · To what, where: spear · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Just so stories» by Rudyard Kipling, How the Alphabet Was Made. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (shi las), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ‘ | ' | PUNCT | _ | 5 las | punct |
| 2 | And | and | CCONJ | _ | 5 las | cc |
| 3 | shi | shi | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 las | compound |
| 4 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 3 shi | punct |
| 5 | las | la | NOUN | Number=Plur | 6 means | nsubj |
| 6 | means | mean | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 7 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 11 broken | mark |
| 8 | your | your | PRON | Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 9 spear | nmod:poss |
| 9 | spear | spear | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 broken | nsubj:pass |
| 10 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 11 broken | aux:pass |
| 11 | broken | break | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 6 means | ccomp |
| 12 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 6 means | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | mean | present | shi las | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | |||||
| 2 | break | present · passive | your spear | vn hurt-40.8.3-1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Just so stories» by Rudyard Kipling, Project Gutenberg book 2781 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg2781/10/234/