Just so stories, The Butterfly That Stamped, sentence 52
The Butterfly was dreadfully frightened, but he managed to fly up to the hand of Suleiman-bin-Daoud, and clung there, fanning himself.
Who acts: Butterfly · What happens: frighten, manage, fly up, cling, fan · To what, where: Butterfly
This is a sentence of «Just so stories» by Rudyard Kipling, The Butterfly That Stamped. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Butterfly), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 Butterfly | det |
| 2 | Butterfly | Butterfly | PROPN | Number=Sing | 5 frightened | nsubj:pass |
| 3 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 5 frightened | aux:pass |
| 4 | dreadfully | dreadfully | ADV | _ | 5 frightened | advmod |
| 5 | frightened | frighten | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 6 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 9 managed | punct |
| 7 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 9 managed | cc |
| 8 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 9 managed | nsubj |
| 9 | managed | manage | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 5 frightened | conj |
| 10 | to | to | PART | _ | 11 fly | mark |
| 11 | fly | fly | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 9 managed | xcomp |
| 12 | up | up | ADP | _ | 11 fly | compound:prt |
| 13 | to | to | ADP | _ | 15 hand | case |
| 14 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 15 hand | det |
| 15 | hand | hand | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 fly | obl |
| 16 | of | of | ADP | _ | 21 Daoud | case |
| 17 | Suleiman | Suleiman | PROPN | Number=Sing | 21 Daoud | compound |
| 18 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 17 Suleiman | punct |
| 19 | bin | bin | NOUN | Number=Sing | 21 Daoud | compound |
| 20 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 19 bin | punct |
| 21 | Daoud | Daoud | PROPN | Number=Sing | 15 hand | nmod |
| 22 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 24 clung | punct |
| 23 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 24 clung | cc |
| 24 | clung | cling | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 5 frightened | conj |
| 25 | there | there | ADV | PronType=Dem | 24 clung | advmod |
| 26 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 27 fanning | punct |
| 27 | fanning | fan | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 24 clung | advcl |
| 28 | himself | himself | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes | 27 fanning | obj |
| 29 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 5 frightened | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | frighten | past · passive | the Butterfly | dreadfully property | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: subject=Experiencer | ||||
| 2 | manage | past | Butterfly | vn succeed-74-1-1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality | |||||
| 3 | fly up | to-infinitive | Butterfly not said here | to the hand of Suleiman bin Daoud result | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.result»: agent=Theme to hand=Result | ||||
| 4 | cling | participle | there | vn cling-22.5 «NP V together»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 5 | fan | gerund | Butterfly | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Just so stories» by Rudyard Kipling, Project Gutenberg book 2781 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg2781/13/52/