Just so stories, The Beginning of the Armadillos, sentence 139
‘But you hadn’t any shell.
Who acts: you · What happens: not have · To what, where: shell
This is a sentence of «Just so stories» by Rudyard Kipling, The Beginning of the Armadillos. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (you), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ‘ | ' | PUNCT | _ | 4 had | punct |
| 2 | But | but | CCONJ | _ | 4 had | cc |
| 3 | you | you | PRON | Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs | 4 had | nsubj |
| 4 | had | have | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 5 | n’t | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 4 had | advmod |
| 6 | any | any | DET | PronType=Ind | 7 shell | det |
| 7 | shell | shell | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 had | obj |
| 8 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 had | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | not have | past | you | any shell | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent shell=Patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Just so stories» by Rudyard Kipling, Project Gutenberg book 2781 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg2781/8/139/