Just so stories, How the First Letter Was Written, sentence 112

‘Here is my Tegumai with his arm broken; here is a spear sticking into his back; here is a man with a spear ready to throw; here is another man throwing a spear from a Cave, and here are a whole pack of people’ (they were Taffy’s beavers really, but they did look rather like people) ‘coming up behind Tegumai.

Who acts: Tegumai, spear, man, people · What happens: be, break, stick, throw, look, ‘ · To what, where: Tegumai, spear, back, man, Cave, whole pack

This is a sentence of «Just so stories» by Rudyard Kipling, How the First Letter Was Written. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Tegumai, spear, man, people), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	‘	'	PUNCT	_	5 Tegumai	punct
2	Here	here	ADV	PronType=Dem	5 Tegumai	advmod
3	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 Tegumai	cop
4	my	my	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	5 Tegumai	nmod:poss
5	Tegumai	Tegumai	PROPN	Number=Sing	14 spear	nsubj
6	with	with	ADP	_	8 arm	case
7	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	8 arm	nmod:poss
8	arm	arm	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 Tegumai	nmod
9	broken	break	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	5 Tegumai	acl
10	;	;	PUNCT	_	9 broken	punct
11	here	here	ADV	PronType=Dem	9 broken	advmod
12	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	14 spear	cop
13	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	14 spear	det
14	spear	spear	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
15	sticking	stick	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	14 spear	acl
16	into	into	ADP	_	18 back	case
17	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	18 back	nmod:poss
18	back	back	NOUN	Number=Sing	15 sticking	obl
19	;	;	PUNCT	_	23 man	punct
20	here	here	ADV	PronType=Dem	23 man	advmod
21	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	23 man	cop
22	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	23 man	det
23	man	man	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 spear	appos
24	with	with	ADP	_	26 spear	case
25	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	26 spear	det
26	spear	spear	NOUN	Number=Sing	23 man	nmod
27	ready	ready	ADJ	Degree=Pos	23 man	acl:relcl
28	to	to	PART	_	29 throw	mark
29	throw	throw	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	27 ready	xcomp
30	;	;	PUNCT	_	47 pack	punct
31	here	here	ADV	PronType=Dem	47 pack	advmod
32	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	31 here	cop
33	another	another	DET	PronType=Ind	34 man	det
34	man	man	NOUN	Number=Sing	31 here	nsubj
35	throwing	throw	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	34 man	acl
36	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	37 spear	det
37	spear	spear	NOUN	Number=Sing	35 throwing	obj
38	from	from	ADP	_	40 Cave	case
39	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	40 Cave	det
40	Cave	cave	NOUN	Number=Sing	35 throwing	obl
41	,	,	PUNCT	_	43 here	punct
42	and	and	CCONJ	_	43 here	cc
43	here	here	ADV	PronType=Dem	31 here	conj
44	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	47 pack	cop
45	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	47 pack	det
46	whole	whole	ADJ	Degree=Pos	47 pack	amod
47	pack	pack	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 spear	conj
48	of	of	ADP	_	49 people	case
49	people	people	NOUN	Number=Plur	47 pack	nmod
50	’	'	PUNCT	_	49 people	punct
51	(	(	PUNCT	_	56 beavers	punct
52	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	56 beavers	nsubj
53	were	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	56 beavers	cop
54	Taffy	Taffy	PROPN	Number=Sing	56 beavers	nmod:poss
55	’s	's	PART	_	54 Taffy	case
56	beavers	beaver	NOUN	Number=Plur	49 people	conj
57	really	really	ADV	_	56 beavers	advmod
58	,	,	PUNCT	_	62 look	punct
59	but	but	CCONJ	_	62 look	cc
60	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	62 look	nsubj
61	did	do	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	62 look	aux
62	look	look	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	47 pack	parataxis
63	rather	rather	ADV	_	62 look	advmod
64	like	like	ADP	_	65 people	case
65	people	people	NOUN	Number=Plur	67 ‘	nsubj
66	)	)	PUNCT	_	65 people	punct
67	‘	‘	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	62 look	parataxis
68	coming	come	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	67 ‘	xcomp
69	up	up	ADV	_	68 coming	advmod
70	behind	behind	ADP	_	71 Tegumai	case
71	Tegumai	Tegumai	PROPN	Number=Sing	68 coming	obl
72	.	.	PUNCT	_	14 spear	punct

Pragmatics

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	is a	present		my Tegumai	here	with Tegumai's arm	tree rules
2	break	participle		my Tegumai not said here	here		vn hurt-40.8.3-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Patient
3	is a	present	my Tegumai	a spear and a whole pack			tree rules
4	stick	gerund	a spear and a whole pack not said here		Tegumai's back		vn spray-9.7-1 «NP V PP.destination»: agent=Theme into back=Destination
5	is a	present		a man	here	with a spear	tree rules
6	throw	to-infinitive					vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer
7	is	present	another man			here property	tree rules
8	throw	gerund	another man not said here	a spear	a Cave		vn throw-17.1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.initial_location»: agent=Agent spear=Theme from cave=Initial_Location
9	is a	present	my Tegumai not said here	a whole pack		of people and Taffy's beavers	tree rules
10	is a	past	people	Taffy's beavers			tree rules
11	look	past · do-support	people				vn stimulus_subject-30.4 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Stimulus
12	‘	present	people				tree rules
13	come up	gerund	people not said here		Tegumai		vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme behind tegumai=Location

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Text: «Just so stories» by Rudyard Kipling, Project Gutenberg book 2781 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg2781/9/112/