Just so stories, How the First Letter Was Written, sentence 142

‘There weren’t any,’ said Tegumai.

Who acts: any, Tegumai · What happens: not be, say · Speech: someone speaks here

This is a sentence of «Just so stories» by Rudyard Kipling, How the First Letter Was Written. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (any, Tegumai), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	‘	'	PUNCT	_	3 were	punct
2	There	there	PRON	PronType=Dem	3 were	expl
3	were	be	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	8 said	ccomp
4	n’t	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	3 were	advmod
5	any	any	DET	PronType=Ind	3 were	nsubj
6	,	,	PUNCT	_	3 were	punct
7	’	'	PUNCT	_	3 were	punct
8	said	say	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
9	Tegumai	Tegumai	PROPN	Number=Sing	8 said	nsubj
10	.	.	PUNCT	_	8 said	punct

Pragmatics

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	not be	past	any			there			vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	say speech: assert	past	Tegumai						vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Text: «Just so stories» by Rudyard Kipling, Project Gutenberg book 2781 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg2781/9/142/