Just so stories, How the First Letter Was Written, sentence 47
He got up and twisted a big flat piece of bark off a birch-tree and gave it to Taffy.
Who acts: man · What happens: get up, twist, give · To what, where: big flat piece, birch tree, piece, Taffy
This is a sentence of «Just so stories» by Rudyard Kipling, How the First Letter Was Written. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (man), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | He | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 2 got | nsubj |
| 2 | got | get | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | up | up | ADP | _ | 2 got | compound:prt |
| 4 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 5 twisted | cc |
| 5 | twisted | twist | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 2 got | conj |
| 6 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 9 piece | det |
| 7 | big | big | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 9 piece | amod |
| 8 | flat | flat | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 9 piece | amod |
| 9 | piece | piece | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 twisted | obj |
| 10 | of | of | ADP | _ | 11 bark | case |
| 11 | bark | bark | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 piece | nmod |
| 12 | off | off | ADP | _ | 16 tree | case |
| 13 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 16 tree | det |
| 14 | birch | birch | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 tree | compound |
| 15 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 14 birch | punct |
| 16 | tree | tree | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 twisted | obl |
| 17 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 18 gave | cc |
| 18 | gave | give | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 2 got | conj |
| 19 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 18 gave | obj |
| 20 | to | to | ADP | _ | 21 Taffy | case |
| 21 | Taffy | Taffy | PROPN | Number=Sing | 18 gave | obl |
| 22 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 got | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | get up | past | man | vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Experiencer | |||||
| 2 | twist | past | man not said here | a big flat piece of bark | a birch tree | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V NP PP.trajectory»: agent=Agent piece=Theme off tree=Trajectory | |||
| 3 | give | past | man not said here | piece | Taffy | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: agent=Agent it=Theme to taffy=Recipient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Just so stories» by Rudyard Kipling, Project Gutenberg book 2781 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg2781/9/47/