Just so stories, How the First Letter Was Written, sentence 54
The Stranger-man (and he was a Tewara) didn’t say anything, So Taffy put up her little hand and pulled at the beautiful bead and seed and shark-tooth necklace round his neck.
Who acts: man, Stranger man, Taffy · What happens: be, not say, put up, pull · To what, where: Tewara, anything, little hand · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Just so stories» by Rudyard Kipling, How the First Letter Was Written. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (man, Stranger man, Taffy), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 4 man | det |
| 2 | Stranger | stranger | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 man | compound |
| 3 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 2 Stranger | punct |
| 4 | man | man | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 say | nsubj |
| 5 | ( | ( | PUNCT | _ | 10 Tewara | punct |
| 6 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 10 Tewara | cc |
| 7 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 10 Tewara | nsubj |
| 8 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 10 Tewara | cop |
| 9 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 10 Tewara | det |
| 10 | Tewara | Tewara | PROPN | Number=Sing | 4 man | appos |
| 11 | ) | ) | PUNCT | _ | 10 Tewara | punct |
| 12 | did | do | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 14 say | aux |
| 13 | n’t | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 14 say | advmod |
| 14 | say | say | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | root | root |
| 15 | anything | anything | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Ind | 14 say | obj |
| 16 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 19 put | punct |
| 17 | So | so | ADV | _ | 19 put | advmod |
| 18 | Taffy | Taffy | PROPN | Number=Sing | 19 put | nsubj |
| 19 | put | put | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 14 say | parataxis |
| 20 | up | up | ADP | _ | 19 put | compound:prt |
| 21 | her | her | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 23 hand | nmod:poss |
| 22 | little | little | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 23 hand | amod |
| 23 | hand | hand | NOUN | Number=Sing | 19 put | obj |
| 24 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 25 pulled | cc |
| 25 | pulled | pull | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 19 put | conj |
| 26 | at | at | ADP | _ | 29 bead | case |
| 27 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 29 bead | det |
| 28 | beautiful | beautiful | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 29 bead | amod |
| 29 | bead | bead | NOUN | Number=Sing | 25 pulled | obl |
| 30 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 31 seed | cc |
| 31 | seed | seed | NOUN | Number=Sing | 29 bead | conj |
| 32 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 36 necklace | cc |
| 33 | shark | shark | NOUN | Number=Sing | 36 necklace | compound |
| 34 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 33 shark | punct |
| 35 | tooth | tooth | NOUN | Number=Sing | 36 necklace | compound |
| 36 | necklace | necklace | NOUN | Number=Sing | 29 bead | conj |
| 37 | round | round | ADP | _ | 39 neck | case |
| 38 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 39 neck | nmod:poss |
| 39 | neck | neck | NOUN | Number=Sing | 36 necklace | nmod |
| 40 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 14 say | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is a | past | man | a Tewara | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | not say speech: assert | past · do-support | the Stranger man | anything | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent anything=Topic | ||||
| 3 | put up | past | Taffy | Taffy's little hand | vn invest-13.5.4-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Agent hand=Goal | ||||
| 4 | pull | participle | Taffy not said here | at the beautiful bead and seed and shark tooth necklace round man's neck | vn push-12-1 «NP V PP-Conative»: agent=Agent at bead=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Just so stories» by Rudyard Kipling, Project Gutenberg book 2781 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg2781/9/54/