Irish Fairy Tales, Chapter XI, sentence 12
On such a journey all people spoke together, for all were friends, and no person regarded the weapon in another man’s hand other than as an implement to poke a reluctant cow with, or to pacify with loud wallops some hoof-proud colt.
Who acts: people, person, loud · What happens: speak, be, regard, poke, pacify, wallop · To what, where: journey, weapon, hand, reluctant cow, proud colt · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Irish Fairy Tales» by James Stephens, Chapter XI. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (people, person, loud), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | On | on | ADP | _ | 4 journey | case |
| 2 | such | such | DET | PronType=Ind | 4 journey | det:predet |
| 3 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 4 journey | det |
| 4 | journey | journey | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 spoke | obl |
| 5 | all | all | DET | PronType=Tot | 6 people | det |
| 6 | people | people | NOUN | Number=Plur | 7 spoke | nsubj |
| 7 | spoke | speak | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 8 | together | together | ADV | _ | 7 spoke | advmod |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 13 friends | punct |
| 10 | for | for | ADP | _ | 13 friends | case |
| 11 | all | all | DET | PronType=Tot | 13 friends | det |
| 12 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 13 friends | cop |
| 13 | friends | friend | NOUN | Number=Plur | 7 spoke | obl |
| 14 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 18 regarded | punct |
| 15 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 18 regarded | cc |
| 16 | no | no | DET | PronType=Neg | 17 person | det |
| 17 | person | person | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 regarded | nsubj |
| 18 | regarded | regard | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 7 spoke | conj |
| 19 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 20 weapon | det |
| 20 | weapon | weapon | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 regarded | obj |
| 21 | in | in | ADP | _ | 25 hand | case |
| 22 | another | another | DET | PronType=Ind | 23 man | det |
| 23 | man | man | NOUN | Number=Sing | 25 hand | nmod:poss |
| 24 | ’s | 's | PART | _ | 23 man | case |
| 25 | hand | hand | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 regarded | obl |
| 26 | other | other | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 18 regarded | obl |
| 27 | than | than | ADP | _ | 30 implement | case |
| 28 | as | as | ADP | _ | 30 implement | case |
| 29 | an | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 30 implement | det |
| 30 | implement | implement | NOUN | Number=Sing | 26 other | obl |
| 31 | to | to | PART | _ | 32 poke | mark |
| 32 | poke | poke | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 30 implement | acl |
| 33 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 35 cow | det |
| 34 | reluctant | reluctant | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 35 cow | amod |
| 35 | cow | cow | NOUN | Number=Sing | 32 poke | obj |
| 36 | with | with | SCONJ | _ | 40 pacify | mark |
| 37 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 40 pacify | punct |
| 38 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 40 pacify | cc |
| 39 | to | to | PART | _ | 40 pacify | mark |
| 40 | pacify | pacify | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 35 cow | acl |
| 41 | with | with | SCONJ | _ | 43 wallops | mark |
| 42 | loud | loud | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 43 wallops | nsubj |
| 43 | wallops | wallop | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 40 pacify | advcl |
| 44 | some | some | DET | PronType=Ind | 48 colt | det |
| 45 | hoof | hoof | NOUN | Number=Sing | 47 proud | compound |
| 46 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 45 hoof | punct |
| 47 | proud | proud | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 48 colt | amod |
| 48 | colt | colt | NOUN | Number=Sing | 43 wallops | obj |
| 49 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 7 spoke | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | speak speech: other | past | all people | such journey | together property | vn talk-37.5 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||
| 2 | is | past | for all friends | tree rules | |||||
| 3 | regard | past | no person | the weapon | another man's hand | other obl | vn assessment-34.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent weapon=Theme | ||
| 4 | poke | to-infinitive | no person not said here | a reluctant cow | vn poke-19-1-1-1 «NP V NP.instrument PP.theme»: agent=Agent cow=Instrument | ||||
| 5 | pacify | to-infinitive | no person not said here | a reluctant cow not said here | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer | ||||
| 6 | wallop | present | loud | some proud colt | vn spank-18.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent colt=Patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Irish Fairy Tales» by James Stephens, Project Gutenberg book 2892 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg2892/24/12/